Dhl Introduction

————————————————- DHL Express From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia â€Å"DHL† redirects here. For other uses, see  DHL (disambiguation). DHL Express Deutsche Post AG| | Type| Division| Industry| Express Logistics| Founded| 1969| Headquarters| Bonn,  Germany| Key people| Ken Allen (CEO, Chairman)[1] Adrian Dalsey  (co-founder) Larry Hillblom  (co-founder) Robert Lynn (co-founder)| Products| DHL Express Worldwide DHL Express 9:00 DHL Express 12:00|Owner(s)| Deutsche Post DHL| Employees| 275,000| Website| www. dhl. com| DHL Express  is a  division  of the German logistics company  Deutsche Post DHL  providing international  express mail  services. Deutsche Post  is the world's largest logistics company operating around the world. [2]  DHL is a world market leader in sea and air mail. [3][4] Originally founded in 1969 to deliver documents betwe en  San Francisco  and  Honolulu, the company expanded its service throughout the world by the late 1970s.The company was primarily interested in offshore and inter-continental deliveries, but the success of  FedEx  prompted their own intra-U. S. expansion starting in 1983. DHL aggressively expanded to countries that could not be served by any other delivery service, including the  Soviet Union,Eastern Bloc,  Iraq,  Iran,  China,  Vietnam  and  North Korea. In 1998,  Deutsche Post  began to acquire shares in DHL. It finally reached majority ownership in 2001, and completed the purchase in 2002.Deutsche Post then effectively absorbed DHL into its Express division, while expanding the use of the DHL brand to other Deutsche Post divisions, business units and subsidiaries. Today,  DHL Express  shares its well-known DHL brand with other Deutsche Post business units, such as  DHL Global Forwarding  and  DHL Supply Chain. The DHL Express Service has ce ased domestic operations in the United States of America, as of February 2009. [5]

Eating habit Essay

Abstract This report investigates eating habits among students according to their first meal of the day, plant food intake and amount of junk food they eat. This research was carried out through a questionnaire containing 11 questions related to all the sub-topics mentioned above. The sample was 30 students, males and females from different countries. Content 1. Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Scope 1.3 Aim 1.4 Hypothesis 2. Methodology 3. Results 4. Conclusion 5. Recommendation 6. Bibliography 7. Appendix 1 Introduction Nowadays, eating healthily has been a significant factor in society due to the health risks brought about by modern society such as obesity, heart disease, high blood pressure-which has always been an issue-no healthy breakfast, lack of fruit and vegetable, eating junk food. Related to main and secondary research, this report will whether students eat healthily or  not. 1.1 Background A survey showed that regular breakfast eaters were more likely to take vitamin or mineral supplements on the day they skipped breakfast. In Australia, less than 10% of adults eat a cooked breakfast, the typical breakfast is based on cereal, bread, milk and fruit (including juice). Furthermore, women were more likely to eat fruit and less likely to eat sugar and honey than men. (Williams.P.G., 2002) Plant food (vegetable and fruit) now are being recognised by more and more health experts as providing important health benefit, including decreased risk of disease such as heart disease, many kinds of cancers and type-2 diabetes. However, the consumption of plant food in many developed countries including Australia, does not meet recommended levels (Lea, Crawford & Worsley, 2006). In term of junk food, which is considered as energy-dense, nutrient-poor food, it not only threatens health but its saturated fat and sugar can also impair one’s memory (Study finds junk food threatens no t just health but also memory, 2013).Today a lot of advertisements about junk food can be seen on TV. A survey of more than 12,000 teenagers has found that the greater the exposure to advertisements for unhealthy food, the more teens asked for and bought it (fast food ads influence teens eating habits, 2011). 1.2 Scope This report is focused on three aspects of the extensive topic â€Å"Are students eating healthily?† The aspects are 1.Eating breakfast, 2.vegetableand fruit in their diet, 3.Junk food (fast food, food with high energy and fat, sugary sodas). Besides, the sample of the research is only 30 people. This is because of time li of students. 1.3 Aim The aim of this report is to find out whether students eat healthily based on their first meal of the day and their daily food choice, which can be described in terms of whether they have healthy breakfast, the mount of vegetable and fruit they eat, and frequency of eating junk food. 1.4 Hypothesis This report predicts that students don’t have healthy eating  habits as the general Australian population. Regarding breakfast, it is believed that most students don’t have healthy breakfast, as they spend a lot of time coming to school. When it comes to food choice, students don’t eat enough fruits and vegetables, but eat too much fast food or sugary sodas. 2 Methodology The way this research project was carried out by a survey. This survey consists of 11 questions and the sample is 30 people who are student from different classes and different nationalities such as Chinese, Vietnamese and Indian. There were totally 21 male and 9 females. 3 Results The aim of the report is to find out whether student eat healthily in term of 1.breakfast, 2.plant food (fruits and vegetables), 3.junk food. 6 Bibliography Fast Food (2011, November 19) .Fast food adds influence teens eating habits, survey finds. Herald Sun. Retrieved from http://www.heraldsun.com.au/archive/news/fast-food-ads-influence-teens-eating-habits-survey-finds/story-fn7x8me2-1226199423435 Lea, EJ., Crawford, D., Worsley, A.(2006).Consumers’ readiness to eat a plant-based diet. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 60, 342–351. William,P.G. (2002).What Australians eat for breakfast: an analysis of data from the 1995 National Nutrition Survey. Australia: Blackwell Study Finds (2013, December 17). Study Finds Junk Food Threatens Not Just Health But Also Memory, International Business Times. Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=5&sid=e38e5356-7a0b-4d8b-87d3-0edc8b074e1c%40sessionmgr110&hid=128&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=bwh&AN=530723.20131217

Market Entry Plan Essay

The Aluminum market in Europe does not have a good prospect to be expanded. Alcoa claimed that it will shut down the factory in Portovesme, Italy, and reduce the output of the factory in Spain. This is because Alcoa and European commission have argued for the power supply contract for a long time. Moreover, the European debt crisis led to a depressed economy. Thus, Alcoa decided to turn its market out of Europe and then start to look for other oversea markets. Although, Africa is one of the poorest continents of the world, in some countries, such as Mozambique, the economy has been growing steadily. From this prospective, we recommend Alcoa to open up the market in Mozambique, South Africa. We conducted the research based on sources from on-line resources. Our proposal focuses on analyzing the operation of Alcoa and the opportunity of a new market. 2. About Alcoa Alcoa is the world’s most famous producer of aluminum and fabricated aluminum, and it is the biggest miner of bauxite and refiner of alumina. Alcoa has over 61,000 employees and over 200 locations in 31 countries. Alcoa not only provides hard alloy extrusions, forgings, Alcoa ® wheels, but also has its expertise in other light metals. The sales of Alcoa were $25 billion in 2011. 2. 1 Brief History Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa Inc. ) has 120-years’ history. During the 1920’s, Alcoa monopolized aluminum production in North America and produced more than 63 percent of the world output. At the end of World War I, Alcoa produced excessive capacity, especially for civilian uses. However, the war made Alcoa realize that it was very important to improve the quality of product, and Alcoa invested more money in research and development. In 1925, Alcoa entered the first external market, Canada, and it held over half the rimary aluminum in the world. In 1958, Alcoa started the first major overseas mine-to-metal venture in Suriname. After the successful venture in Suriname, Alcoa decided to expand the offshore ventures. In 1960s, Alcoa developed operations in Australia and Brazil. At the same time, Alcoa drove the strategy to focus on commercial real estate construction and fabricated products. The Easy-Ope n aluminum technology made Alcoa hold a large percentage of the canned beer market. In the 1970’s, Alcoa continuously expanded the overseas market and used mathematic modeling to control the production. In the 1980’s and the 1990’s, Alcoa focused on producing non-aluminum products and was concerned about safety. From 2000 to present, Alcoa has made strategic mergers and acquisitions, such as Alumax, Reynolds. 2. 2 Business Operation Alcoa Business System (ABS) is the core used to manage Alcoa businesses. Here are its three principles: ?Make to Use The first principle is based on customers’ will and demand, such as single-piece production, on demand; defect free, at the lowest possible cost, made safely. ?Eliminate Waste The second principle aims at exposing and solving problems and focuses on cost cutting and cost saving during all their manufacturing and business processes. ?The People Linchpin the System The third principle is concerned with creating on environment which satisfies people. Also, Alcoa tries to identify and solve problems, and link to their transition from â€Å"make to inventory† to â€Å"make to use†. 2. 3 Product Scope Alcoa produces various products, such as flat-rolled products, hard alloy extrusions, and forgings; as well as Alcoa ® wheels, fastening systems, and precision. Here are some important products of Alcoa: ?Aerospace Alcoa is the world leader in single-crystal technology for advanced castings that withstand the extreme temperatures of clean-burning aero engines. ?Automotive Alcoa builds a better car, truck, trailer or vessel. The reason for this is using more aluminum to reduce the overall weight of the vehicle, which significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions. ?Building & Construction Alcoa has always offered unique advantages for designing the shape, appearance and sustainability of modern buildings. These new aluminum components can achieve green building standards. Alcoa also provides high-performance glass, which allows for efficient light control, lower energy consumption, corrosion-resistance and immunity from the harmful effects of UV rays. ?Packaging Aluminum packaging solutions deliver freshness, convenience, and security for food, beverages and other products. For example, the aluminum bottle offers premium, high-end packaging options. 2. 4 Targeted Market According to the statistics, Asia, North America and Western Europe are the top three aluminum consumption areas in the world. In Asian region, such as China, Korea and India, these developing countries have an increasing demand for aluminum. However, the total amount of aluminum consumed in America, Canada and Japan experienced a downward trend. At this point, Alcoa’s target market should pay more attention to China and India. Besides, although Africa is endowed with natural resources, aluminum resources have no commercially exploited value. Therefore, all the producing raw materials are dependent on imports from foreign countries in South Africa. In other words, Africa is mainly producing primary and secondary aluminum products. As a result, if Alcoa exports other forms of aluminum products to Africa, Alcoa will gain a huge profit. Figure 1: Target Market of Alcoa 2. 5 Strength and Weakness Alcoa is the world’s largest miner of bauxite and refiner of alumina. Also, it has a long history started in 1888 so the company is an expert in administration and producing. In addition, Alcoa is the leading producer of primary aluminum and fabricated aluminum all over the world. Alcoa has received many records and good will, such as 100 Best Corporate Citizens 2012—Corporate Responsibility Magazine. What is more, advanced techniques and unremitting effort in innovation make its products and services play an important role in the aluminum market. However, Alcoa is faced with the problem of pollution. For example, Alcoa’s pollutions made the residents who lived six kilometers away from the factories get sick. As a result, Alcoa was punished by the government in Australia. 3. New Oversea Market: Mozambique Located in Southeast Africa, bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Mozambique is one of the poorest countries in the world. Mozambique is abundant in rich and extensive natural resources, and its economy is based largely on agriculture. Today, the economy is growing very fast in Mozambique, and the developed legal system makes Mozambique become a hope in this poor continent. We recommend Alcoa to enter this market, because of the prosperous development of Mozambique. 3. 1 Economy in Mozambique Mozambique is in the poorest region in the poorest continent of the world, Sub-Saharan Africa. Besides, it was considered as the second poorest country, with a per capita GDP below the African average. 4 percent of the population of Mozambique was below the poverty line in 2008. But, economic growth in Mozambique has been strong since the country’s civil war ended in 1992, and it has emerged as one of the fasted growing economies. Since 1996, economic growth has been stable; the economic growth rate was around 6. 2 percent in 2009. The inflation rate has been around its lowest level in a decade. Also, the rea l income grew rapidly, and it tripled in the same decade. Moreover, the real income has grown by 14 percent in 2001 and 11 percent in 2002. However, Zimbabwe, a neighboring country, has declined 8 percent in 2001 and 6 percent in 2002. Currently, more foreign firms have invested in Mozambique, and these firms are mostly in the aluminum industry and mining industry. The foreign enterprises can enjoy tax privileges in Mozambique. In 2010, UK exported around 112 million pounds to Mozambique with imports at almost 78 million pounds. A British mining group has invested 1. 3 billion dollars in the country, which covered aluminum industry, tourism, and it leads to much foreign exchange. The large towns and cities have been promoted by the influence of foreign investment; however, the influence does not apply to the rural area in Mozambique. We can infer that the economy in Mozambique is the hope of this region, comparing to other country in Sub-Saharan Africa. 3. 2 Political System in Mozambique During the civil war, the politics and economy were disrupted. Since the end of the civil war, the political situation in Mozambique has been stable. The government is determined to maintain national unity, and implements appropriate and pragmatic politic policy. Mozambique held the first democratic elections on October 1994, under international scrutiny. Although some limitation exists, for example, the electoral process was boycotted in municipal elections in 1998; this election system can help the electorate to express their will. Mozambique now has developed an elected democracy, which gives rise to a strong legal system. Moreover, a good legal system protects private property and provides incentive to people to invest and produce by both domestic and foreign investors. 3. 3 International Relationship Mozambique has very close relations with its formerly British-ruled neighbours in Africa, because these countries shared experience that fought against white rule. This led to Mozambique joining the Commonwealth in 1995. Mozambique also dispatched troops to contribute to the United Nations, helping them in peacekeeping affairs in Burundi, and participated in South African Development Community peacekeeping training and planning. 3. 4 Aluminum industry in Mozambique 3. 4. 1 Brief Introduction of the Market Alcoa is located in 31 countries all over the world. However, it is only located in two countries in Africa: Morocco and Guinea. To start up a new business in Africa is a brand new challenge for Alcoa. Mozambique is growing rapidly in recent years. The Aluminum industry has a very significant impact on this country’s economy. In order to attract foreign investment and capital, Mozambique’s government takes special policy. The country is not the producer of minerals, but the overseer and promoter of mining activities. This is good news and a great chance for Alcoa to enter the aluminum market in Mozambique. The development of Mozambique’s economy urges big companies’ entry like Alcoa to provide funds and advanced technique. The labor wage is low there, which is also a benefit for Alcoa. Aluminum is a key element in Mozambique’s economic growth. The export of aluminum accounts for nearly 60% of the country’s total export amount. The strongest rival is Mozal, which is the largest company among the country. However, the potential market is still huge. The construction of buildings and machines for production are all relative with aluminum. The fast growth of economy in Mozambique will drive the demand of aluminum. The domestic market can not satisfy the demand and will turn to foreign companies or investment. It provides a great opportunity for Alcoa to gain a sizable market share in this new market. 3. 4. 2 Operation in Mozambique ?Geography Mozambique lies beside the Indian Ocean in southern Africa, and this convenient location is good for delivering goods or trading with others through marine transportation. Besides, it is relatively easier to generate electricity here by taking advantage of sea water at a coastal position. ?Natural Resources Mozambique is well endowed with natural resources, such as coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, and graphite. However, the country’s natural resources are not fully exploited. Mineral resources such as gold, gemstones and bauxite have not been mined yet. Mozambique’s natural wealth can satisfy Alcoa’s demand for natural resources. ?Transportation Under great efforts, Mozambique’s transportation infrastructure has been improved in recent years. The Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic (AICD) aimed at improving current infrastructure conditions in Africa. The first phase of the AICD focused on 24 countries that together account for 85 percent of the gross domestic product, population, and infrastructure aid flow in Sub-Saharan Africa. Mozambique was included in these 24 countries. Transportation plays an essential role in a company’s business plan to purchase raw materials or deliveries of finished goods to customers. ?Local Government Policy Since its first trade policy review in 2001, Mozambique has taken actions to liberalize its trade regime. Its tariff was reduced in 2002 and again in 2007, with maximum rates lowered from 30% to 20%. Therefore, it is a piece of good news for foreign companies to directly invest in this market. ?Workforce Mozambique is a developing country. Compared to developed countries, Mozambique’s labor cost is relatively low. As a result, it helps Alcoa reduce costs and increase revenue. Take the minimum wage for a 19-year old worker or an apprentice for an example: in Mozambique, the wage is 80. 5 US dollars per month, Australia is 1597. 1 US dollars per month, Brazil is 299. 6 US dollars per month, Jamaica is 215. 0 US per month, and China is 182. 5 US dollars per month. ?Economic Condition The economy was boosted in many aspects, such as mining, financial service and construction, which helped to push GDP real growth rate to 7. 2 percent in 2011. Moreover, the consistence of high foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, along with strong agricultural growth and infrastructure investment will drive growth to 7. 5 percent and 7. 9 percent in 2012 and 2013. Good economic conditions indicate Alcoa can gain huge potential profits. Figure 2: Real GDP growth of South Africa ?Advanced Technology Alcoa is the world’s third largest producer of aluminum so it implies that Alcoa has advanced technology and equipment. It well known that Mozambique has abundant resources, but aluminum firms in Mozambique can only produce limited types of aluminum products out of technology problems. Under this situation, with its advanced technology, Alcoa can produce aluminum products which are extremely demanded by Mozambique’s market. 3. 5 Competitors: Mozal: Mozal, an aluminum smelter is belong to BHP Billiton, is located in the Maputo province of southern Mozambique. Mozal was the first major project for BHP Billiton in Mozambique and it was Mozambique’s largest private investment in the past 30 years. BHP Billiton is a leading global resources company and one of the world’s largest producers of major commodities. Mozal is one of the largest smelters in Mozambique; the output of Mozal is more than 500,000 tones of aluminum per year. In the two construction phases, the project of Mozal contributed more than 160 million to the local economy. Especially the employment of Mozambican, which make good use of the local labor and stimulate the local’s contractors and suppliers’ profit. The local government and the Mozal’s operations teams have created a great achievement by cooperation. Harmonious industrial relations were created during the construction period; no days were lost because of any industrial action. The local government and the Mozal have benefited a lot from needs-based infrastructure, social and community development projects. It’s a kind of win-win cooperation. 4. Evaluation Alcoa’s expansion in to Mozambique is a bold attempt as Alcoa does not have much experience of open up a new business in Africa. However, as one of the most famous companies in aluminum industry, it can provide adequate funds and mature management to support the operation in Mozambique. This country’s development relies greatly on foreign companies’ investment. Government in Mozambique will provide preferential policy to Alcoa. Besides, the low labor cost in Mozambique helps Alcoa to save operation cost. Although Mozal, the strongest competitor, has taken the largest project in Mozambique, the potential for Alcoa to enter this market is strong. Alcoa has built up a good reputation, with a long history and rich experience in aluminum industry, and this cannot be competed by Mozal. We recommend that Alcoa should seize this opportunity to enter the aluminum market in Mozambique with its advanced technology and experienced management.

Reverse Social Engineering Attacks in Online Social Networks Essay

Reverse Social Engineering Attacks in Online Social Networks - Essay Example However, this significant step is a very ethically sensitive domain, questions addressing the justification of carrying out such a study on real users without their knowledge do arise. However, it is inevitable to examine this issue through this method due to the fact that there is no other alternative methodology available. It was made certain the all the sensitive information was cautiously handled and during aggregate analysis, the data was anonymised and no manual inspection was carried out. Since the experiment was conducted in Europe, the legal department of the institution was consulted which is analogous to Institute Review Board (IRB) in the US and they approved of the data handling procedure. In the study, a single account was initiated which performed a large number of email search queries, the profile was then recommended by the site suggestion system to multiple profiles as a potential friend and as a result, thousand friend requests were received by the account. This wa s to show how easy it is to trick users into establishing a trust relationship in the networking sites. In the second set of experiments, five different attack profiles were generated for three social networks. The attackers rely on a form of baiting system in which the victim is lured to contact the attacker itself. Two types of attack exist Mediated, in which baiting is performed by an intermediate body such as that of Facebook friend suggestion system and secondly, the direct system in which baiting is visible to the targeted user.

A new health drink based out of fresh juices Assignment

A new health drink based out of fresh juices - Assignment Example However, Fruit-shots allows consumers to get a healthy bottle of juice in the most convenient manner. The new trend towards healthy is responsible for the rapid growth of the beverage industry but other factors also influence consumer demand. Consumer purchasing power is among the factors that influence consumer demand in the beverages market. The recent global financial crisis eroded consumer purchasing power and a significant number of consumers reduced spending on consumer products. Fruit-shots offer consumers the opportunity to consume healthy meals at the most affordable prices. Research statistics reveal a growing demand for fresh juice from low income as well as middle income households. Another factor that influences the demand and supply of fresh juice is seasonal changes. There is a high demand for fresh juice during summer because of the warm weather conditions. The emergence of fruit and vegetable diseases has a negative impact on consumer attitudes towards the consumption of Fruit-shots. Finally, the low shelf life of fresh juice influences the quantity of Fruit-shots t hat consumers will be willing to purchase from retail outlets. The operational purposes and overall goals of this marketing project are three-fold. First of all, this marketing project aims at assessing Fruit-shots’ current situations. Secondly, the marketing project identifies the company’s current market share and brand performance. Finally, the project summarizes the company’s decisions. The genesis of the marketing project involves an analysis of the company’s market size and brand profitability. The analysis yields information on the company’s market reach and performance of individual brands. Fruit-shots will prepare a line graph chart, which reveals that the company has recorded consistent growth in the last six quarters. The company has recorded gradual and consistent increase in market size since its inception in the

Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics Essay - 3

Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics - Essay Example In its effort to ensure the entrusted corporate social responsibility a modern day corporate must ensure fulfillment of its duties towards the social, moral and environmental aspects of its surroundings. The chances of a possible gas disaster at Bhopal that ultimately broke out during December the 2nd and 3rd 1984 were rooted long back in the early half of the 1970s. In those eras India was a country dying for foreign investment as with its infrastructure of that time it managed little of it and that mostly owing to Soviet Friendship. To attain this much-awaited foreign investment goal the Indian government approached Union Carbide to set a plant at Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh that will be producing pesticides such as Sevin. Sevin was certainly to have an intermediate product Methyl Isocyanide (MIC) that was immensely toxic. The possibility of a disaster owing to the production of such a toxic material was overlooked. The Union Carbide considered two potentials of the place, cheap labor and lands the most helpful input a chemical company can hope for to start with. What the eminent strategists of the concerned company overlooked was whether the place is ready enough for such a plant. The answer to this question was a certain no and that owing to a couple of factors. First of all cheap labor does not always translate to skilled labor rather mostly stands for the opposite and Madhya Pradesh was one of the backward states of India in terms of technical know how. Both of these together had sown a seed that eventually became a poisonous tree; swallowing millions of lives. In simple terms, corporate balance sheet emerged victorious over the social accounts and that one-day yielded poisonous gas in a huge amount that shocked millions of innocent inhabitants of Bhopal and almost no one was held accountable for that. 1) Mr. Warren Anderson: the puppet master.  When a business body unleashes a catastrophe then the topmost officials or authorities are bound to be held responsible. This was no exception for Union Carbide as well.

Business Financing and the Capital Structure Essay

Business Financing and the Capital Structure - Essay Example Financial planning of the corporation would include building a plan to meet the expenses of the future through its holdings on assets after considering the predicted future cash flows and plans for withdrawal or allocation of funds. Financial planning help the corporations to understand the changes required in the areas of investment and allocation of assets in order to meet their financial goals. Thus financial planning ensures smooth transition of the financial position of the companies to attain the long term goals in future and also to meet the short term operational need. The process of financial planning is significant for the companies to attain sustainability in a competitive market (Baker and  Powell, 2009). Working capital of corporations is the difference between the current assets and current liabilities of the corporation. Working capital management involves maintenance of optimum levels of both the current liabilities and current assets of the corporation. Optimum lev el of current asset and current liabilities indicate maintenance of sufficient current assets and cash in hand in order to meet the short term liability and expenses for daily operation in an efficient manner. The important ratios that are useful for effective working capital management are inventory turnover, account payables and accounts receivables. The excess cash is parked by businesses through the marketable securities like debentures and bonds that could be converted into cash within a short period of time. The marketable securities for parking excess cash provide a source of high liquidity. The high liquidity requirement could be met by the corporations by use of marketable securities due to the presence of large number of buyers in the market. The financial instruments used to park excess cash are exposed to lesser market risk as these could be transformed into liquid cash at any point of time. 2. Assume that you are financial advisor to a business. Describe the advice that you would give to the client for raising business capital using both debt and equity options in today’s economy. The valuation of companies had become vulnerable from the period of economic recession which turned into a global financial meltdown. Although the situation has recovered to an extent since last year which was backed by performance of the emerging economies, the investors are still circumspect on investing in equities of the companies without doing adequate research. Thus the raising of business capital through a mix of debt and equity options would be suitable for the companies. The equity financing option of raising capital would involve issue of shares to the public for raising funds. The companies would have to share the profits with the increased number of shareholders. The risk of investments, however, would also be shared with investors. The ownership structure of the company would get diluted and the control over business decision making would be reduced. The funds raised through debt financing option are also painful for the companies over a period of time due to the regular interest payments to be done by them. The cost of debt financing, however, would be reduce due to the tax deductibility feature. Due to the tax shields, the companies are in a position to reduce their interest payments. Thus a debt-equity mix strategy for raising business capital is suitable for the

STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES - Essay Example It turns employees into expert specialists since there is division of labor. However, it also has its weaknesses since people in this structure tend to approve all type of communication as they pass all hierarchies. If the hierarchy is rigid, there is lack of autonomy since hire-ups are required to approve decisions and they may be far from the customer. Ferreira (2009) suggests that there may arise interdepartmental rivalry as they grow in size and this may result in favoritism that benefits departments and not the institutions. Uher (2009) explains that the concept of boundaryless organization has had an impact in the global world since they are not limited to vertical, horizontal, or external boundaries that are usually predetermined. The cross functional teams dissolves their horizontal barriers and the external alliances transcend the firm boundaries together with their relationships. This enables the company to respond fast to environmental changes and be able to spearhead innovation .This boundaryless environments are found in learning organizations where teams self organize and create an environment where knowledge is easily shared in effective

Australian ICT Framework and Mobile Device Management Essay

Australian ICT Framework and Mobile Device Management - Essay Example The legal frameworks aid reliability in the procurement processes of service provision in all the different Australian governments, i.e. the federal, state and territorial governments. This also helps in underpinning enterprise architecture in the entire Australian government (Saha, 2009). The current ICT infrastructure in Australia requires improvement to help achieve the creation of a whole-of-government Australian Public Service (APS) ICT career structure, which entails training and development programs for information technology professionals. ICT improvement also helps in developing and maintaining an information technology whole-of-government strategic workforce plan. ICT policies and frameworks help in the effective management of government and private data, and the protection of the government data from unauthorized accesses and misuse (Hart & Diane, 2007). The need for ICT legal framework and policies is to regulate the different types of governments, and create an easier wa y to monitor them. Every Australian is entitled to freedom of information access as per the Freedom of Information Act 1982, which guides the legislative basis of the release of government information. However, some of the information needs privacy and confidentiality, and hence demands protection. This ensures that the unauthorized access of information is reduced, whereby the necessary precautions are applied to strictly allow for classified information access to authorized or accredited personnel only. The main principles of the Australian enterprise ICT framework and policies is the need to know, which is applied to all official information, and the need to protect government information. This ensures the proper information access platforms and protects the divulgement of information within the government or from a foreign government. There is the enhancement of legal proceedings through privileged information access to legal professionals in the justice and legal system of the government (Hart & Diane, 2007). The presence of information technology Acts and policies provides the necessary foundation and benchmarks for the Australian governments to facilitate the smooth functioning of the country’s ICT sector. There are whole-of-government ICT policy frameworks guided by the Financial Management and Accountability Act (FMA) of 1997. The ICT Customization and Bespoke Development policy outlines compliance requirements for FMA Act agencies, and strengthens government arrangements for ICT Customization and Bespoke development. The Australian government has the legal enterprise ICT framework for enhancing and ensuring e-security. There is the core Cyber Security Requirement Policy for ICT driven proposals that requires agencies to access and address cyber security risks, and ensure that all businesses prepared through ICT-based proposals comply with the Australian government’s Cyber Security policies. This is aimed at achieving core cyber security for the smooth running of agencies and the government at large, through a smooth and safe flow and storage of information (Saha, 2009). The ICT Strategic Workforce plan is a core policy that entails the current expertise and capabilities of the APS ICT workforce, and the agency capabilities required in the delivery of government priorities. It guides the shift of ICT short term objectives and factors into medium and long term goals. There is also the Opt-Out policy for the whole-of-government ICT arrangements that has changed the opt-in self approvement by agencies into the

A Research Paper on G.K. Chesterton and The Man Who Was Thursday Essay Example for Free

A Research Paper on G.K. Chesterton and The Man Who Was Thursday Essay While doing research on G.K. Chesterton and his literary masterpiece, I came upon this article on Gilbert Magazine in which his answer to the question â€Å"What is the difference between progress and growth?† was posted. To this question, he answered: The fatal metaphor of progress, which means leaving things behind us, has utterly obscured the real idea of growth, which means leaving things inside of us.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First of all, I didnt even know he has a magazine. Secondly, since I have never heard of him before, I ask myself why on earth has it taken so long for me to discover such an amazing man? His statement above is just one of the marvelous pithy quotations of a man who never earned a doctorate and, in fact, never even attended a university. I have read some of them and I am amazed at how he can say something about everything and says it better than everybody else.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is with utter delight that I am taking this journey to the discovery and uncovering of a genius – a journalist, a debater, an artist, a happy man – for in discovering him, I discover passion, wisdom, and myself. G.K. Chesterton: A Poet, Storyteller, and Ironist   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   G.K. Chesterton cannot be summed up in one sentence. Nor in one paragraph. With all the fine biographies I   have encountered that have been written of him, I dont know if the Gilbert Keith Chesterton has really been captured between the covers of those books. In the first place, how could one simplify a man of such complex talents? He was very good at expressing himself, but more importantly, he had something very good to express – the reason why he was one of the greatest thinkers and writers of the 20th century and a champion of the Roman Catholic religion. K. Chesterton is alive and kicking today in a way that most of his contemporaries are not precisely because he enunciated clearly and forcefully the fundamental principles in the light of which issues, whether of today or of yesterday, can be confronted intelligently, and he has dedicated this extraordinary intellect and creative power to the reform of English government and society. Literary types would laud him for his poetry and novels and detective stories and plays; social critics would approve him for his prescient admonitions about eugenics and nihilism and socialism; champions of domestic democracy would like his doctrine of distributism; philosophers would be challenged by his insights and quips; the fundamentalist Christian would defend him for defending Christianity, and the Catholic Christian would enjoy the enjoyment Chesterton derived from his Catholicism. This is a multifaceted man.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gilbert was a day boy at St. Paul’s. The masters rated him as an under-achiever, but he earned some recognition as a writer and debater. Although he never went to college, he proved that genius cannot be tied down to the rules of the academy, nor need we be subservient to the prejudices of the academy in evaluating genius. Chesterton, in fact, chose to be a journalist, because in that role he could think most profoundly, powerfully, cogently, and effectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He was vitally concerned with the injustices of Great Britain to its dependencies. He progressed from newspaper to public debate. He used logic, laughter, paradox, and his own winning personality to show that imperialism was destroying English patriotism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1900 he published his first literary works, two volumes of poetry. In 1900 he met Hilaire Belloc, and in 1901 he married Frances Blogg. These events were two of the great influences in his life. From 1904 to 1936 Chesterton published nearly a dozen novels, the most important being The Napoleon of Notting Hill (1904) and The Man Who Was Thursday (1908). In 1911 Chesterton created the ‘‘Father Brown’’ detective stories. During his literary career he published 90 books and numerous articles. He poured out a wealth of lighthearted essays, historical sketches, and metaphysical and polemical works, together with such well-known poems as ‘‘The Ballad of the White Horse,’’ ‘‘Lepanto,’’ and the drinking songs from The Flying Inn. Among his major critical works are studies of Robert Browning (1903) and Charles Dickens (1906). Prodigiously talented, Chesterton also illustrated a number of Belloc’s light works.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chesterton spoke of himself as primarily a journalist. He contributed to and helped edit Eye Witness and New Witness. He edited G. K.’s Weekly, which advocated distributism, the social philosophy developed by Belloc. Chesterton’s overriding concern with political and social injustice is reflected in Heretics (1905) and Orthodoxy (1909), perhaps his most important work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I could say that Chesterton was not a philosopher in the sense of one who, like Plato or Aristotle, Aquinas or Bonaventure, Descartes or Kant, Hegel or Kierkegaard, made original contributions to the history of human reflection on the reality of the real. We can, however, say that he made two remarkable contributions which are still immensely worthwhile today: (1) he was unmatched in his ability to satirize the philosophical foibles of his day; and (2) although his philosophy was not unique his manner of expressing it was unique; one cannot read him, even today, without being again and again suddenly pulled up short. In view of his perennial concern with ideas and with ideas that count, with ultimates he has to be called a philosopher, not merely, however, as a lover of wisdom, but as one who possessed a certain kind of intuitive wisdom.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout his life, G.K. Chesterton was one of the most colorful and loved   personalities of literary England. To his intellectual gifts he added gaiety, wit, and warm humanity that endeared him even to his antagonists. This English author, journalist, and artist was born in London on May 29, 1874. He died at his home in Beaconsfield on June 14, 1936, but it doesnt matter. To those who know him and are passionate readers of his works, his wisdom lives on. To those like me who simply stumbled upon him, he lives again. In our hearts, his wisdom is timeless. The Man Who Was Thursday: A Masterpiece of a Non-Degree Holder Genius   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Versatility of topic, address, genre, device, whatever more there is in the heaven and earth of mind and spirit brought to letterssuch is the hallmark and mandate of Chesterton. He can be straightforward and for right, crisp and to the point, or witty, with a certain malice aforethought. He can take the way of irony or simply snort when his patience is exhausted. He can soar with angelic sweep or swoop like a bird of prey. His descriptive hand is as authentic as any, as witness this from the beginning of The Man Who Was Thursday: The suburb of Saffron Park lay on the sunset side of London, as red and ragged as a cloud of sunset. It was built of a bright brick throughout; its skyline fantastic its ground plan wild. More especially this attractive unreality fell upon it about nightfall when the extravagant roofs were dark against the afterglow and the whole insane village seemed as separate as a drifting cloud. This . . . was more strongly true of the many nights of local festivity, when the little gardens were often illuminated, and the big Chinese lanterns glowed in the dwarfish trees like some fierce and monstrous fruit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Man Who Was Thursday was the phantasmagoric 1908 novel of eccentric anarchists, philosopher-detectives and a riddle-writing criminal mastermind who just might be God. Subtitled A Nightmare, this masterpiece by G.K. Chesterton better known for his Father Brown detective series mingles theological brainteasing with cloak-and-dagger capers like a cross-country balloon chase and a  Ã‚   bombing conspiracy fomented over jam and crumpets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This metaphysical thriller spirals out madly from a marvelous premise: a London counterintelligence chief has formed a corps of â€Å"policemen who are also philosophers.† An initiate tells the books hero Gabriel Syme, who is with the British police: The ordinary detective goes to pot-houses to arrest thieves; we go to artistic tea-parties to detect pessimists. The ordinary detective discovers from a ledger or a diary that a crime has been committed. We discover from a book of sonnets that a crime will be committed We say that the most dangerous criminal now is the entirely lawless modern philosopher.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Soon after joining these vigilantes, he was hired by an unknown, unseen man to infiltrate the noted anarchist movement, making him stumble upon an anarchist conspiracy to destroy civilization and morality itself. He starts with a loudmouthed poet of disorder, Gregory, and follows him into a meeting of the anarchists. Gregory is forced to keep Gabriels identity a secret for his own sake, for he himself had led the policeman into their secret hideaway.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The undercover Gabriel manages to get elected as one of the seven top men in the organization, alias Thursday, much to Gregorys silent chagrin. Gabriel meets with the other members of the council, all of who appear to be dark and dreadfully evil most of all the President, the huge mountain of a man called Sunday. Little by little, however, Gabriel realizes that the other five people under Sunday are not at all evil, but all of them spies from the police!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the process, however, Gabriel succeeds in getting an entire French countryside to think he and his new friends are really anarchists (meanwhile they are thinking, or wondering in disbelief, that the entire countryside is full of anarchists after them). They nearly get lynched. When things are settled, this group of undercover police go back to England to seek out Sunday, whom they soon find is the very man who hired them to infiltrate the council in the first place! Sunday leads them on a strange and wild chase, during which the six philosophize about the nature of their strange antagonist.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Phantasmagoric escapades proliferate, and police pursuit collides with the carnivalesque nature of the universe. They realize that they have been seeing him from behind, and from behind he looks brutal; but the apparent evil was misleading. The journey ends at a palatial estate where the six are treated like kings, and finally see Sunday for who he is The Sabbath, the peace of God. The council of anarchists has turned into a High Council commemorating the Seven Days of Gods Creation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The purpose of Sunday as the evil anarchist was to bring forth good through the others to urge them on to unnatural virtue. As they were fighting, they were fighting Satan. As the hearers grow indignant at Sundays using them for his purposes and allowing them to go through such trials, the paradoxical Problem of Evil seems somehow resolved. The last question asked of the strange man as he recedes into space is Have you ever suffered? and the answer the Christian knows is whispered from the distance. The last scene sees Gabriel Syme waking from his reverie, and chatting philosophy with the other Poet of Saffron Park, Gregory.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Chesterton offers up one highly colored enigma after another in The Man That Was Thursday. He truly knows how to create an atmosphere of hallucinatory suspense, to use the fantastic and paradoxical and fugitive to glimpse the other side of God. In an article published the day before his death, he called this literary masterpiece of his, â€Å"a very melodramatic sort of moonshine.† I guess thats how we would describe a novel set in a phantasmagoric London where policemen are poets and anarchists camouflage themselves as, well, anarchists. By turns hilarious and terrifying, Chesterton’s The Man Who Was Thursday is a lyrical search for truth in a world where nothing is what it seems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This is not a book. This is a glorious experience. Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Modern Horror Writers (Writers of English). New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1994. Chesterton, G.K. The Autobiography of G.K. Chesterton. New York: Sheed Ward, 1936. Chesterton, G.K. The Man Who Was Thursday: A Nightmare. New York: Dodd, Mead Company, 1908. Coren, Michael. Gilbert, The Man Who Was G.K. Chesterton. New York: Paragon House, 1990. Dale, Alzina Stone. The Outline of Sanity: A Biography of G.K. Chesterton. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1982. Dale, Alzina Stone. The Art of G.K. Chesterton. Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1985. Ffinch, Michael. G.K. Chesterton. San Francisco: Harper Row, 1986. â€Å"More letters asking Whats the Difference?.† Gilbert Magazine Outlining Sanity. 30 November 2007 http://www.gilbertmagazine.com/page_16.html Titterton, W.R. G.K. Chesterton: A Portrait. Folcroft, Pennsylvania: Folcroft Library

Creation Of The Work Breakdown Structure Management Essay

Creation Of The Work Breakdown Structure Management Essay Project scope management refers the processes involved in defining and controlling what is included and what is not included in the project. The project team and stakeholders must have the same understanding of what products will be produces as a result of a project and what processes will be used in producing them. In addition, the scope management must be stated clearly, ensure all of the process that the project includes all the work required and only the work required to complete the project successfully. These would express and discuss about the scope of management of this project which is a web-based travel agency system for Samson travels. Basically, the purpose of this manuscript is to provide suggestion and guidelines that are most important in the Scope management plan which are stated categorically below; Creation of The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) The project players will make effort together to develop a Work break down structure (WBS) after it has been put in place Samson travels which are the sponsors would make review of the work break down structure which is also going to be in the presence of the project manager in order to make sure that the all the endeavor necessary to complete the project would be put in place inside the work break down structure. On the other hand, the project team from their own side would also carry an analysis based on the WBS in order to make sure it has comply with the guidelines for creating WBS example; function oriented WBS. In addition, the project team would the project team members would establish the task required to complete each deliverable which will be appraised and agreed by the entire group members and Samson travel agency. The tasks would include the processes, the invention and all associated task. However, all-purpose guideline to follow for determining the level of details that is the lowest level of the WBS ought to on the whole to take no longer time as its supposed to complete the project, moreover, revision of the WBS would also take place at this moment after an approval by the sponsors as considered necessary. Functional Requirements The functional requirements have been defined in the project as to describe or provide a brief explanation to the users as well as the stakeholders on what functionality or services that the online travel system for Samson travels system is expected or capable of providing. The functional requirements consist of important criterias such as the descriptions of the processing that the system is expected to carry out and the details of data that must be held in the system. After having a brief discussion with our team members as well as referring to educational resources such as the Internet, the functional requirements specification for the online travels agency system for Samson travels are as follows: The system should provide schedule searching where the user will be able to search the desired schedule and then book the tickets The system must record all the booking done online by the user The system should store the information entered by the user during new account creation. The system should store the entire users personal information and must provide the capability to the user to update as well as delete account. The system should provide effective security features such as login authentication to validate whether the user is a valid user or not and provide a firewall to avoid possible hacking activities. Non-Functional Requirements The non-functional requirement has been defined as the requirements which are not directly relevant or concerned with the specific functions or features delivered by the system such as response time, reliability, and storage capacity. Similar analysis which is conducted for the functional requirements are also done here which is by referring to educational resources such as the Internet and some books from the library. The non-functional requirements for the ticket-reservation system are as follows: Low FAR In terms of reliability, the FAR or fully known as the Failure Accuracy Rate of the system should be less than 10%. Also, the Samson travels agency system would provide assurance to the user that any potential of system crashing is minimal. Quick response time The Samson Travel agency system would have a quick response time for all the features involved and must make sure that the user doesnt wait for a long time for a particular process to happen. For example, all the process such as login authentication should be done less than 20 seconds. Quick data connectivity There should be quick data connectivity between the system and the database when process such as data retrieval for login authentication is conducted to ensure higher rate of response time and efficiency as well. Security Features The system should have the capacity of protecting or securing data from any invalid access of data from hackers as well as virus protection from viruses such as Trojan horse as well as worms. Usability Requirements Usability requirements is where the developer Samson travels system must ensure that there is good match between the system that is developed and both the users of that system as well as the tasks they will perform when using the system. The usability requirements for the ticket reservation system are as follows: User-friendly One of the major factors in the usability requirements is the user-friendliness of the system. The system must be user-friendly and the user must not have any difficulty in performing certain functions such as Online booking of packages and ticket reservation. Also, if the user-friendliness rate of the system is high then the customer can perform any tasks such in a short period of time. User freedom When the user uses the Samson travels Online traveling agency system, the user must have a sense of control towards the system with the ability to navigate buttons as well as updating their personal profile (for members) without much difficulty and also, the user should be to correct their mistakes, for example, if the user mistakenly enters a different web page which he/she didnt desired, then he/she can go back to their destination page by just clicking the button that links them to that page without the necessity to go the home page again. Project Requirement The requirement of this project is an aim that has got to be met before the entire project process can be carried out effectively and efficiently. However, Project Analyst is one of the basic and primary requirements in terms of the project. They analyze and specify the entire project requirement and make sure the entire process has meet requirement. In addition, in order to complete this exercise the project team needs certain hardware and software which would be listed below: Firstly, the project team needs some sets of computer systems with high specification. Microsoft windows XP professional version 2003 with service pack 2, Intel(R) D CPU 300GHZ, 300 GHZ 512GB RAM Microsoft Windows server This server is a special operating system for a server computer in which the operating system can make best use of the performance of the computer. Microsoft Access Database software This software would be used by the authors in other to provide good data storage and optimum security features. Managing Demand For Changes To Project The demand for to the project scope that may have an important effect on meeting and project requirement be obliged to pursue the formal procedures specified. In addition, demand details must be filled in a form which would be reviewed in order to prevent scope embezzlement. Conclusion Decisively, Samson Traveling agency is a high end modern travel agency, with a unique edge to serving the general public the world as a whole. And from the company study, it is without doubt that the company holds abreast the vision to satisfy their clients exclusively. Based on the research done, and the scope analysis, the author has decided to raise certain issues that could increase the companys image and profit (after all, profit is the initial purpose of every business). The web application proposed is or would be to no detriment, but instead an edge for the company, the web application would solve a couple of impending problems that both the company and its customers are facing today. Consequently, the system will be designed in such a way that users skill will be put into consideration as there are the once using the system at most of the time. But before the design, an analysis will be taken in other to know the level of their performance, so that the system will be a user friendly system with no training will be required. STAFFING PLAN Human Resource Management is based on ideas and techniques developed to enhance worker motivation, productivity and performance. Human resources include all project stakeholders such as the student, project team members and suppliers. The major processes involved in human resources management include: Organization plan, which involves identifying, assigning and document project roles, responsibility and reporting relationships. Staff acquisition, which involves getting the needed personnel assigned to work on the project. Team development, which involves building individual skills or group skills to enhance project performance. Project Human Resource Management includes the processes necessary for organizing and managing the project team (www.skillsoft.com, 2010). In addition, a good human resource management will increase the success rate of a particular project as the people in a project determine the success and failure of organizations and projects. Project Skilled Required For the current project Samson travel agency system, the development team members need certain skills to make this project a success. Below are some of the skills the development team member must acquire:- I. Programming skill The programming skill is needed to build the software. Programming skill is important during the development of the software as most of the job required coding to do the job. II. Designing skill The design of the interface is also important as it must be easy to use, easy to understand and the most important of all is that the interface satisfied the requirement of the client. III. Analyzing skill The analyzing skill is important during the early phase of the project as analyzing the user requirement and the client requirement will make the job easier when designing and easier for the programmer to build the software. IV. Testing skills The tester must understand the quality criteria and standards that the software objectives should meet and will be measured against. The tester must test the software for functionality, software output, reliability, user acceptance testing, and etc. The tester must also test the software to see that the software meet the requirement of the client and the end user. V. Communication skill The team member must have this communication skill as when team members communicate with each other, the tension between them will be reduced significantly and the chance of success will increase. This is a skill that the project manager must acquire. VI. Co-operating skill The team member must help each other for the success of this project. It is inevitable for each member to face certain problems during the project. VII. Leadership skill The project manager must have high leadership skill as he is the person who oversees the whole project and the one responsible for the entire project. He must be able to manage the entire team member and giving them work. VIII. Documentation and presenting skill The presentation of the software to the client and end user is very important as a good presentation will give them a good first impression of the software and that will increase the satisfaction of the client toward the software. A proper documentation with proper format is also important as they will introduce the product and also included the user manual that clearly indicate how to use the software. Project Team Structure and Organization Team Members Role and Responsibility Project Manager The project manager of the Samson travels agency system is responsible to deliver the project fully functional and satisfies the requirements of the system. He is expected to have the necessary management skills, problem solving etiquettes, team leadership ability and is responsible for assuring that project goals and objectives are met, quality work is completed on time and within budget, and for making appropriate decisions. The project manager chooses the best team to develop the system and assign each member of the team to his best ability. The task dependency requires the project manager to be able to enforce the time efficient team, in order to avoid any sort of delay. In addition, this document helps identify and clarify roles, responsibilities, and authorities, and should be included in the Project Execution Plan. The project manager is expected to possess following criteria: Understand the basic of analysis, design, coding and testing Financial fundamentals. Expertise in scheduling, productivity, communications and network diagram System Analyst The system analyst of Samson travels system is person who in charge to assist current or potential application users in identifying and describe problems or opportunities that might addressed either by implement a new or change a exist system. The analyst uses business requirements in detail and, where appropriate, prepares functional specification for the system. The system analyst is quite attached to a sumptuous part of the development of the system , and the system analyst here is basically the IT inclined system analysis professionals, who will be handling and at the lowest level, be in charge of reporting progress to the project manager and project team. Systems analyst read and studies the process in and the system requirement. So if there is any problem in the previous system then basically the system analyst has to suggest new ideas in improving the system. His job is to make the designer know what to design. The system analyst will study the organization and the environments to come up with some requirements. Personal Requirements and skills required of the system analyst include: Think creatively Good communication skills Being patient Analytical thinking System Designer In the development of the online system for Samson travels the designers basically is composing of web developers and network administrators will be developing a simple interface and will be managing the network. This interface which is composed of buttons, labels, text fields and images, will be very user friendly to use. Also the designer would draw out some sketches or story-board to simplify the system work flow. Their main action includes: An understanding of the intended audience, client culture, and learning preferences as well as the understanding of human computer factors and interface design. Personal Requirements of the system designer includes: Think creatively Good communication skills Creative thinking Understand the basic of analysis, design, coding and testing System Programmer The programmer for the Samson travel agency system basically the one responsible to develop the coding for the system. He develops the system based on the requirements gathered and based on the system designers perspective. Also to build the software with his specialty and that is programming. He is the person who does the most programming in this development phase. Other than building the software, he have to ensure that other programmer are doing their job and passing up every portion of programming work on time. If there is some functionality problem, bugs or errors, he will be in charge to solve these problems. Tester is the person who will test the system once the system developed in order to get the feedback about the system. It is important for the project group to perform the testing part to make sure the system run without any errors. Personal Requirements of the system programmer includes: Experience Coding expert Being patient The ability to understand the functional side of the system MOTIVATION TECHNIQUES WHICH IS APPLIED TO ALL TEAM MEMBERS Motivation Theory that Applies in Project Team of Samson Travels Agency: Frederick Herzberg The proposed motivation technique for the project team is Herzberg Motivational and Hygiene Factors. Frederick Herzberg wrote several famous books and articles that about motivation. Frederick Herzberg contributed to human relations and motivation two theories of motivation which is Hygiene Theory and Motivation. The first part of the motivation theory involves the hygiene theory and includes the job environment. The hygiene factors include: the company, its policies and its administration, the kind of supervision which people receive while on the job, working conditions interpersonal relations, salary, status, and Security These factors do not lead to higher levels of motivation but without them there is dissatisfaction. The second part of Herzbergs motivation theory involves what people actually do on the job (www.businessballs.com, 2010). The motivators are: achievement, recognition, growth / advancement and Interest in the job. These factors result from internal generators in employees, yielding motivation rather than movement. Both these approaches (hygiene and motivation) must be done simultaneously. Treat people as best you can so they have a minimum of dissatisfaction. Use people so they get achievement, recognition for achievement, interest, and responsibility and they can grow and advance in their work. (www.businessballs.com, 2010) Therefore, the hygiene and motivation factors can be listed as follows: Hygiene Company policies and administration Supervision Working conditions and interpersonal relations Salary, status and security Achievement Recognition for achievement Interest in the task Responsibility for enlarged task Growth and advancement to higher level tasks The entire project team proposed this motivation theory and by following it, the team members will be well motivated and do well in their job. Regarding the motivation theory, some of factors are not for motivate team member such as the kind of supervision which people receive while on the job, working conditions and interpersonal relations. But if without those factors, the team member wills dissatisfaction. The project manager and entire project team follow the motivation factors that define by Herzberg to motivate team member, such as recognition when a team member success in certain task, he or she will recognize by the team member. (www.businessballs.com, 2010) Besides, motivate the team member by show interest in their job will have great improvement for them to archive their task. Since they have interest on their job, they will put in more effort and do their work better. MOTIVATION TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO FAMO TEAM MEMBERS For the project team of Samson Travels agency, just apply motivation theory is not enough. There must have some of techniques to increasing motivation because motivation is better than offering gifts and compensation. Get Team Member Onboard: One of the biggest mistakes that the Project manager make is that they come up with their objective without including the team in the process. The more you involve your employees in decision making the more apt theyll be to give it their all. If youve already identified the objective on your own, then ask employees how to achieve it. However, in this project team employees are carried along in order to prevent the mistakes that might lead to the failure of the project. Work challenge: In situations whereby the project manager gives a job to a particular team member, the manager would challenge him to submit it during a period of time. If he manages to complete the task within that period of time, the project manager will offer some benefits to that team member. Find out What Drives Them: Treat each member as an individual and determine what motivates them, and its not always money. There have been all sorts of studies that show if you throw more money at the situation, and then all theyll do is come to expect it. A good way to determine an employees motivation is to simply sit down with them one-on-one and ask them directly what gets them going. As stated above, this techniques been applied in the Samson travels agency project team in order to motivate the entire project. Offer Positive Feedback All the team members get a charge from stepping into the spotlight. Its important when youre working in a team to acknowledge people in a public way, hold recognition sessions frequently to keep everyone enthusiastic and on track. Listen Up: Nothing will deflate the team member bubble than not being heard. Sometimes leaders do all the talking and no one likes one-sided meetings. Through meeting, Project manager can get some opinion or suggestion from the team members.

Vengeance In Shakespeare And Literature English Literature Essay

Vengeance In Shakespeare And Literature English Literature Essay Numerous dramas and works of literature by William Shakespeare are known for their intensely dramatic scenes. And because of violence enhancing the deaths of literature works, it is in favor for writers of literature to put much violence and death in their works and literature, after annotating Shakespeares use of revenge, and how it brings out the life of his plays. Shakespeares works use vengeance because it leads to the root of violence as well as draw excitement to readers, and by also showing the consequences of revenge, his works leave a notable and significant message that vengeance is not necessarily the best way to solve problems, and yet his use of vengeance in his works encourage the use of vengeance in literature. What is vengeance exactly? Vengeance is basically an infliction of injury, harm, or humiliation on a person who has been harmed by that person. Revenge and vengeance can be best described by the term an eye for an eye, a quotation from several passages of the Hebrew Bible (Leviticus 24:19-21, Exodus 21:22-25, and Deuteronomy19:21) in which a person who has injured the eye of another is obligated to give the value of his or her own eye in compensation. This mythological perspective is the main basis for many works of literature; most notable is that of Shakespeares Hamlet (DiYanni). The idea of vengeance for family honor causes great chaos and madness throughout the play Hamlet, and causes many more people who were beloved to get caught up in this circle of chaos, madness, and vengeance. Revenge causes the characters in Hamlet to act blindly and inattentively through anger and emotion, rather than through reasoning, intuition, and reliable thinking between actions and consequences. Based on the principle of an eye for an eye, this action is not always the best means to an end, nor is it righteous. The three characters Fortinbras, Laertes, and Hamlet urged to avenge the deaths of their beloved fathers, whom were all murdered. All three characters acted on the emotion of rage driven by the thirst for revenge for their fathers deaths, and this led to the tragic death of both Laertes and Hamlet, and the rise of power for the Norwegian crowned prince Fortinbras who was heading for Denmark. This further leads to the perception that ones desire for vengeance can lead t o their downfall. Lost by his father, with all bonds of law, to our most valiant brother, provides information of Fortinbras, King of Norways, death which leads to the basis and understanding of how Fortinbrass thirst for vengeance arose (Hamlet I.ii.24-25). Fortinbras then aspires to recover the lands and power lost by his father as a way of honoring and avenging him (pinkmonkey). Polonius was an advisor to King Claudius and was a devoted member to Claudiuss ruling. Not only being a simple advisor, Polonius was the father to Laertes and Ophelia. How now! A rat? Dead, for a ducat, dead, gives detail of Prince Hamlet killing Polonius while he was secretly listening in on a conversation between Hamlet and his mother (Hamlet III.iv.25). Once Laertes figures out his fathers murder, he does not hesitate and proceeds for vengeance quite hastily. King Claudius asked Laertes, to show yourself youre your fathers son in deed more than words (Hamlet IV.vii.137-138). Laertes then replies back stating, to cut his throat ith , thus proving Laertess inner desire for retribution of the death of his father. As for Hamlet; after hearing of his fathers death, Hamlets initial reaction was not vengeful nor did a desire for retribution occur. Hamlet first fell into a state of melancholy and depression. Not until King Hamlets ghost reveals the truth to Hamlet that his whole melancholy and depressed attitude changes. King Hamlets Ghost says to Hamlet, Murder most foul, as in the best it is, but this most foul, strange and unnatural (Hamlet I.v.31-32). Hamlet then replies to his fathers ghost stating, Haste me to knowt that I with wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love may sweep me to my revenge, thus interpreting that a whole new drive for vengeance has arose. Hamlet is almost totally sure that his uncle King Claudius had killed his father in order to take the power of the throne of Denmark (Hamlet I.v.33-35). But unlike Fortinbras, Hamlet does not act quickly or hastily because he is paralyzed by his own indecision and fear (pinkmonkey). The inability for Hamlet to take immediat e action becomes his main obstacle throughout the play. Eventually Hamlet does get his revenge, but the irony in the play is that Hamlet, by fulfilling his revenge, has destroyed the family whose honor he sought to avenge, which is a major turn around in the whole work, and gives readers an inner depth of feeling to this work (pinkmonkey). Fortinbras, Hamlet, and Laertes are burdened with the responsibility of avenging the murders of their respective fathers. The most interesting fact about Shakespeares work in context, that most readers would overlook, is the fact that while both Hamlet and Laertes find themselves in similar situations, they do not respond to their situations in a corresponding way for revenge (Sexton). Their display for vengeance is quite significantly different. Hamlet spends much of the play plotting on ways to take vengeance against his fathers murderer and is held back by his fear, while Laertes, on the other hand, reacts to the news of his fathers murder very quickly and rapidly (Sexton). These differences are based on both Laertes and Hamlets personality, values, initiative, and anger, which are the building blocks and glue to all acts of vengeance. Laertes can be described as an inflexible person and has a different sense of honor. Laertes acts out of great aggressiveness and pure anger, while Hamlets code of honor, on the other hand, can be portrayed as extremely different, because throughout Shakespeares work. Hamlet attentively plots and questions himself on which course of action is the utmost proper and effective way for his act of vengeance to take forth. This continues to support the theory that different men tend to different acts when it comes to vengeance. Unfortunately, this decision leads to the death of them both. Rather than approach vengeance as a task to be carried out in the most acceptable fashion, Hamlet and Laertes brainwash in their heads that murder is the only means of revenge, which is portrayed as a sociologic al aspect in literature: that a means of vengeance, particularly to men, has to involve death (pinkmonkey). Whatever happened to placing itching powder in ones underwear? Or just plain out of forgiving them, as one is supposed to in The Bible? Society now refers to vengeance as mere violence and bloodshed. Overall the plays conclusion makes it clear that the great distinction between Hamlet and Laertes is quite significant to Shakespeare because it develops a conflict in his work, and leads to deeper questioning whether vengeance is truly the best means to an end. Another Shakespearian work that displays a theme of vengeance in literature is Macbeth. In Macbeth the characters Malcolm and Macduff portray a desire for retribution for the deaths of their loved ones, whom Macbeth has murdered in his thirst for tyranny. He has no children. All my pretty ones? Did you say all? O hell-kite! All? What, all my pretty chickens and their dam at one fell swoop, explores Macduffs grief for the loss of his wife and son (Macbeth IV. iii. 216-219). Tyrant, show the face! If thou beest slain and with no stroke of mine, my wife and childrens ghost will haunt me still, explains that Macduff considers that he has the right to carry out vengeance (Macbeth V.vii.15-17). He may just have the right towards an eye for an eye, but just because one has a right to an action, doesnt necessarily mean that taking that action is the utmost right thing to do. For every action there is a consequence. In Hamlet the consequences of vengeance are exceedingly displayed. Although it never directly states that vengeance is the best means to an end, one can easily interpret that vengeance is not the correct motive. Hamlet proves that vengeance leads to more death that could have easily been avoided. To further display the negative aspects are sacred books such as the Holy Bible. The Holy Bible gives great detail of avoiding vengeance, and is the major source of answer to the question of whether vengeance is the best means to an end through a mythological perspective. God speaks out in the Bible stating: It is mine to avenge; I will repay. In due time their foot will slip; their day of disaster is near and their doom rushes upon them, thus stating that God only has the right to avenge anyone, while we as his people do not the right to seek any vengeance (Deuteronomy 32:35; Romans 12:19; Hebrews 10:30). God says that he will take care of everything. God never accepts vengeance from impure motives, such as taking part in vengeance for emotional distress. In Psalm 94:1, the psalmist asks God to avenge the righteous, not in a sense of anger, but out of justice from God, whose judgments are perfect. Although vengeance is a sin, and causes a negative impact to our society, it should still be encouraged to be placed in works of literature, and maybe movies, thats if the people who view such movies are competent enough to not act out upon such viewings. Who doesnt like a good story filled with vengeance? Vengeance in literature can play the role of an end to a magnificent plot, a ground-breaking intro, or encouragement for a friend to get his hands off the PlayStation every once in a while. To further prove vengeances impact on literature take note of best-selling books: Grendel by John Gardner, and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and how vengeance gives these works great value in the eyes of many readers. The Great Gatsby is basically the basic soap opera that ends with death, due to misunderstanding and the need of vengeance. In the Fitzgeralds work, George Wilsons wife, Myrtle, is killed in a car accident. And by just assuming that his wife was intentionally murdered, and that its the will of God for him to act put upon vengeance; he shoots Tom Gatsby while he is floating in the swimming pool. Tom Gatsbys death played the dramatic climax in Fitzgeralds work, leaving thoughts in the minds of readers as the story concludes. For instance, the most captivating quote was about the basis of Toms death and Georges revenge When a man gets killed I never like to get mixed up in it in any way. I keep out. When I was a young man it was differentI stuck with them to the endLet us learn to show friendship for a man when he is alive and not after he is dead (Fitzgerald, 147). By placing vengeance in literary context, Fitzgeralds work went from simplistic to captivating, in the eyes of many reade rs. Grendel by John Gardner possesses vengeance as well, and some may argue that it possesses greater value of vengeance than The Great Gatsby. Grendels mother and Beowulf display the best aspects of vengeance. Beowulf is assigned the task to slay Grendel, and cease his routinely devastating raids. The slaying of Grendel plays the role of vengeance, and also redemption within Gardners work. After her sons dismemberment Grendels mother also takes her place to seek revenge, although vengeance was not needed, for it was Grendel who had it coming. However, Grendels mother is still a mom who loves her child, and her task is to obtain vengeance for her son. This epic story reveals how vengeance can make literature into a visionary cinematic pleasure. Most great authors themselves promote vengeance in their work opposed to philosophers. Peter A. French is one of the many authors that defended vengeance and demonstrate its prevalence throughout our history and our literature -Although most moral philosophers reject vengeance as a barbaric sentiment, Peter French argues that it has fallen into disrepute without being seriously examined with respect to its real moral value. In beginning his philosophical examination of the virtues of vengeance, he investigates the use of vengeance themes in literature and popular culture. Literary works from the  Iliad  to  Hamlet  and modern film Westerns such as Clint Eastwoods Unforgiven  are reviewed in his exploration of the philosophical and ethical aspects of vengeance. He then concentrates on the conditions that could make acts of vengeance virtuous(kansaspress). Vengeance is the main foundation of a plethora of literary works, but most notable is that of Shakespeares. Vengeance plays a theme of most of Shakespeares plays, and is main component of its success. The portrayal of the consequences of vengeance shows that vengeance is most definitely not the best means to an end, and for those who are of Christianity, portray vengeance as a sin, because God strictly prohibits it. On the other hand vengeance, can be a positive impact in not just Western literature, but worldwide. By displaying vengeance in books, people can learn from mistakes, and speak towards their own thoughts on vengeance. Vengeance is an endless matter, and should also be endless theme of literature works throughout our time.

Assess some of the ways in which Third World Debt might be reduced. Ess

Assess some of the ways in which Third World Debt might be reduced. Despite the overwhelming number of statistics and indicators, global poverty is as hard to measure as it is to conceptualize. One fact is undeniable: someone is going to have to pay for past debts. It could be the people in debtor countries, or the banks, or the people in advanced industrial countries. Most likely it will be some combination of these three groups. In the last ten years, there have been a variety of proposals which, unfortunately, usually reflect only the special interests of the groups proposing them. Generally speaking, these solutions fall into three categories: repudiation, minor adjustments in repayments, or reduction. A report â€Å"Relief Works: African proposals for debt cancellation - and why debt relief works† examines public spending in 10 African countries which have benefited from debt cancellation. It reveals that total spending on education in these countries has increased, and is now twice the amount that is being paid to foreign creditors. The story is similar with spending on health, which has risen by 70 per cent since before debt relief, and is now one third higher than spending on debt repayments. And contrary to the views of sceptics, debt relief is not being used to fuel military expenditure. The report presents these clear indications of the positive difference that debt cancellation can make as the strongest argument there is in favour of further debt relief for the world's poorest countries. However, various G8 Summits have seen promises of billions in debt-write off, but almost hardly are carried out, or contain a lot of spin. For example, a lot of debt relief promised may include moneys previously annouced for such purposes, thus creating an impression of enormous write-offs. Bilateral debt relief also does not typically release actual money to be used for other purposes. Multilateral debt relief, however, could. Debt repudiation, in the sense of a unilateral cessation of repayment, occurred in a number of countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru. With the exception of the Peruvian cessation, however, most of these actions have been taken with assurances that the stoppages were only temporary. Peru announced that it was unilaterally limiting its ... ... and abysmal poverty as a normal condition. This need not, and should not, be the case. The developed countries have a responsibility to create conditions whereby the poorer countries can interact more productively in international economic activities: their single most important contribution to this end might be in the area of reducing trade restrictions on the products of poorer countries. Similarly, the developing countries have a responsibility to see that money is more effectively utilized within their own borders. The obscene personal profits accumulated by such leaders as Marcos of the Philippines and Mobutu of Zaire should not be fostered by the strategic interests of other countries. The banks should also face up to the fact that their single-minded pursuit of profits almost led them to the brink of bankruptcy. The lesson to be learned from this experience is that for economic growth to be sustained, close attention must be paid to the mutual interests of all parties involved. Only after sustained economic growth returns to the heavily indebted countries can the international community even begin to determine manageable rates and methods of debt repayment.

Organizational Concepts -high :: essays research papers

GreenPages, Inc. hereinafter referred to as GP is a dynamic organization that most closely fits the sociotechnical model put forth by Trist (1963) and Rice (1963) of the Tavis Institute. GP was created by Kurt Blieken in 1992 to be as he put it the most elegant company in existence today. Starting with a blank piece of paper Kurt Blieken crafted a mission statement (attachment A) that served as the underpinnings and catalyst to create an organizational structure that balanced the complex technical systems with a social and economic system which serves as a model to the computer industry today. GP is currently under going tremendous growth of over 100% annually which creates a turbulent environment and tests the organization structure GP was founded on. It is the belief of Kurt Blieken as well as those of us whom work at GP that this unique corporate structure can not only be retained but thrive as the organization scales to new heights. In order to understand the goals and challenges facing GP it is useful to utilize Weisbord’s Six-Box Model to analyse the organizational structure. GP was formed with two purposes in mind. The first was to create the best place to work in the country. The cornerstone of this purpose is a value system which is the very heart of our corporate culture. This value system is as follows: ? The company’s most valuable asset is its corporate culture. The basis of the culture is cheering at another’s success, helping out when a teammate needs a hand and being generous with praise. GP culture is so important that people who cannot or will not embrace it fully will not be allowed to stay. ? GP was designed from the ground up to meet the needs of our customers. We continuosly change and improve ourselves and our systems to meet new needs. ? Every job in the company is critically important. We hire good people, then give the tools and the training to be outstanding. We are always striving for perfect execution of everything we do. ? It’s OK to make a mistake. Since we hire good people, a mistake is just that, a mistake. If many mistakes occur it is the system which needs to be corrected. Following this policy can be difficult but it leads to a wonderful lack of finger pointing and back covering. GP culture encourages new ideas and risk taking.

Coconut: the most economically important member of the great palm family Essay

CHAPTER 1 (BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY) In this modern world considered as the era of comforts, we also face poverty and scarcity of resources because of over population. So, people today are searching for some easier and better ways to save money through substituting commercialized products with improvised and homemade products, economizing, etc. In short people today are just being practical on what they will buy or what they will do to meet their needs. The coconut is the fruit of the most economically important member of the great palm family, Palmae. The genus Cocos are Southeast Asians and contain only one species, Cocos Nucifera.  Cultivated in tropical lowlands, almost always near the sea, the coconut has long been distributed throughout Southeast Asia and along the Tropical African and American coasts. The coconut is known for its great versatility as seen in the many uses of its different parts. For centuries, the coconut pal has supplied the people of the Pacific Islands with food, drink, shelter, and most of their needs. The durian is the fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Durio. There are 30 recognised Durio species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit. Durio zibethinus is the only species available in the international market: other species are sold in their local regions. Regarded by many people in Southeast Asia as the â€Å"king of fruits†, the  durian is distinctive for its large size, strong odor, and formidable thorn-covered husk. The fruit can grow as large as 30 centimeters (12 in) long and 15 centimeters (6 in) in diameter, and it typically weighs one to three kilograms (2 to 7 lb.). Its shape ranges from oblong to round, the color of its husk green to brown, and its flesh pale yellow to red, depending on the species. Corn (Zea mays) has been grown in the northeast for generations, and is a demanding crop but one that is highly-valued for its use. Corn, Zea mays, is an annual grass in the family Poaceae and is a staple food crop grown all over the world. Corn is the second most important crop in the Philippines. About 14 million Filipinos prefer white corn as their main staple and yellow corn accounts for about 50% of livestock mixed feeds. Some 600,000 farm households depend on corn as a major source of livelihood, in addition to transport services, traders, processors and agricultural input suppliers who directly benefit from corn production, processing, marketing and distribution. Shoe shining is the process of applying an external substance to the surface of a shoe to improve the materials and make it shinier. Shoe shining has been a part of shoe care for hundreds of years. Adding a shine to a shoe brings polish to an outfit. Shoe polish products are low-value items are frequently purchased as a single but might last for several days. The researchers wanted to produce shoe polish out of the coconut husks, durian husks and corn cobs because we found another use for them. This leads to conduct an experiment using the ashes of coconut husk, durian husks and corn cobs for shoe polish. If these products would be successful, it can help in recycling coconut husks, durian husks and corn cobs and can lessen them to avoid them scattering all over our community. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This study aims to make an effective shoe polish out of ashes from burned coconut husks, durian skins, and corn cobs. Specifically, the study would like to answer the following: * What are the components that are present in the ashes? * How effective is the shoe polish in terms of: – Shine that it could give – Life Span – Color of Polish compared to other brands * What is the difference between the commercial shoe polish from the shoe polish out of ashes from the coconut husks, durian skins, and corn cobs? ASSUMPTION The researchers believed that Coconut husks, Corn Cobs and Durian Skins are effective alternative shoe polish and can make it a source of income. HYPOTHESIS There was no significant difference between the efficiency of our product to the commercial shoe polish that was sold on the market. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY One of the main benefits of a shoe shine is that it helps preserve the material that shoes are made out of. Polishing products also provides the coating of wax on the leather that helps in keeping it waterproof and reduces the dirt accumulated on the leather. Shoe polish also gives a moisturizing effect to the leather and proper care may help in lasting the shoes for several years. Since coconut, durian, and corn is abundant in our country, people can make it a source of livelihood. SCOPE AND LIMITATION The study is focused on the effectiveness of the alternative shoe polish and aims to shine shoes at a long period of time. Furthermore, this study is only limited to the effectiveness, color, shine, duration, and the odor it can give. METHODOLOGY The purpose of this chapter is to present the experimental assumptions underpinning this research, as well as to introduce the research strategy and empirical techniques applied then the materials used in conducting this  study. The chapter defines the scope and limitations of the research design. Materials The researchers utilized the following materials in accomplishing the project: Coconut husks, Corn Cobs, Durian Skins, Coals, Matchsticks, Ashes, Tongs, Strainer, 3 Basins, Pitcher, Water, Measuring Cups, Detergent Bar Soap, Knife, Frying Pan, Spoon, Citric Acid, Glycerin, Dye, and Kerosene. The sun was used as the source of heat to dry the Coconut husks, Corn cobs and Durian skins. The coals and matchsticks are used to burn the three different fruit shells and tongs was used to protect our hands from getting burned. The strainer was used to remove big particles and for us to gather fine ashes. The 3 basins were used as containers of the ashes. The pitcher was used as a container for the water. The measuring cups were used to measure the quantity of the water, citric acid, glycerin, dye and kerosene needed. The knife was used to cut the bar soap. The frying pan and spoon were used in heating up the whole mixture. Procedure The researchers gathered (1) one sack coconut husk, (1) one sack corn cobs and (1) one sack durian skin. After collecting the three different fruit shells the researchers let them stay under the sun for three days to get totally dry. Then after three days the researchers prepared the materials for the burning process. The researchers burned the three different dried fruit shells separately and collected the ashes. Afterwards, they inspect the ashes and they remove the big particles using a strainer. 1.Burn the dried coconut husk, corn cob, and durian skin separately and collect the ashes. 2.Inspect the ashes and remove the big particles. 3.Measure a certain amount of water. 4.Cut the bar soap into small pieces and dissolve it on water. 5.Add the ashes. 6.Heat the mixture until it boils, then stir evenly. 7.After few minutes add the citric acid and the glycerin. 8.Pour into a container. The mixture needs to settle for a number of hours before used.

Life today is better

Modern life is very different from life 50 years ago. Some people think the changes were positive changes while some people thinks the changes were negative changes. It Is true; life 50 years ago is simpler than life now. 50 years ago, the pace of life is slower and family could spend their time together longer. They could attend family occasions like wedding and Did. Besides, 50 years ago, the living cost Is lower than now.They Just spend a few ringlets per day to buy groceries and consumer Items or they can Just grow vegetables or raise animals Like chicken, cow or goat as their food sources. Notwithstanding, I think life today Is much better than It was 50 years ago. Life today has a higher technology. First of all, technology brings about a great many convenience and amenity. When we need to contact people, we use cellophanes to call them, we can fax them, we can send an e-mail to them or we can make a video call with them.Nowadays, we have Internet that direct us to Backbone, Tw itter, Keep and other application that can be used to connect with people. Besides, we can search for worldwide information in the internet. When we want to abroad a flight, all we need o do is just call the flight ticket agency and buy the tickets online. Using smoothness, everything is much easier as everything is Just on your fingertips. Hence, we can say that with the advancement of technology, life today is better than years ago. Other than connecting with people, internet has thousands of uses.We even can make money using the internet as an example Madam. Com that helps people to sell and buy items in the internet in Malaysia. Next, we have e-Bay which is a site that can be used to pay bills and stuffs. Then, communication is also one of the factors to prove that life today is better than it was. As what we can remember, 50 years ago people didn't have the modern vehicle to move from one place to another place. If before, people usually walk, or uses bull carts or sampan to mo ve but now, we have variety of cars, airplane, train, buses and lorry to get us to our destination.More advances, we also have ALERT, Commuter and MR. as our public transport to send us to our destination faster and more convenience. This proved that life today is better than it was years ago. Next, human rights today is been uphold more than 50 years ago. Now, women can do what they want to do. They can have the career that alt with their passion and interest. They can go out and socialize with their friends. If we look 50 years ago, women is Just a wife that act as person who do the house chores and the one who got to take care of their children and husband and.They even can't go out easily without the permission of their husband. Women 50 years ago usually were forbidden to continue their studies or work In the Job of their Interest. However, nowadays we can see women as the top people In the world In many fields. Equally Important Is the children's right. Children's rights are t o get loves from their parents. They also have the rights to go to school and study. However, children's 50 years ago works as a slave. Their rights' on their education was not been concerned.As have been said, the human rights' today is much better than 50 years ago. As conclusion, life today is better than it was 50 years ago. Nowadays, people live with high technology that eases their daily works. Nowadays, we have modern that help us to connect with people. Today, human rights' had been upheld. There are no more women or children that had been treated the way that suppress or oppress them. In other word, life today is totally mush better than it was 50 years ago.