Quotes from Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka

The Metamorphosis is a famous novella by Franz Kafka. The work centers around a traveling salesman, Gregor Samsa, who wakes up one morning to realize hes turned into a bug. The absurdist story was considered to be part of the Dada art movement. The Metamorphosis Quotes When Gregor Samsa woke up one morning from unsettling dreams, he found himself changed in his bed into a monstrous vermin. He was lying on his back as hard as armor plate, and when he lifted his head a little, he saw his vaulted brown belly, sectioned by arch-shaped ribs, to whose dome the cover, about to slide off completely, could barely cling. His many legs, pitifully thin compared with the size of the rest of him, were waving helplessly before his eyes. (Chapter 1) Why was only Gregor condemned to work for a firm where at the slightest omission they immediately suspected the worst? Were all employees louts without exception? Wasnt there a single loyal, dedicated worker among them who, when he had not fully utilized a few hours of the morning for the firm, was driven half-mad by pangs of conscience and was actually unable to get out of bed? (Chapter 1) And now he could see him, standing closest to the door, his hand pressed over his open mouth, slowly backing away as if repulsed by an invisible, unrelenting force. His mother—in spite of the managers presence she stood with her hair still unbraided from the night, sticking out in all directions—first looked at his father with her hands clasped, then took two steps towards Gregor, and sank down in the midst of her skirt spreading out around her, her face completely hidden on her breast. With a hostile expression, his father clenched his fist, as if to drive Gregor back into his room, then looked uncertainly around the living room, shielded his eyes with his hands, and sobbed with heaves of his powerful chest. (Chapter 1) Those had been wonderful times, and they had never returned, at least not with the same glory, although later on Gregor earned enough money to meet the expenses of the entire family and actually did so. They had just gotten used to it, the family as well as Gregor, the money was received with thanks and given with pleasure. (Chapter 2) Hardly she entered the room than she would run straight to the window without taking time to close the door—though she was usually so careful to spare everyone the sight of Gregors room—then tear open the casements with eager hands, almost as if she were suffocating, and remain for a little while at the window even in the coldest weather, breathing deeply. With this racing and crashing, she frightened Gregor twice a day; the whole time he cowered under the couch, and yet he knew very well that she would certainly have spared him this if only she had found it possible to stand being in a room with him with the window closed. (Chapter 2) Into a room in which Gregor ruled the bare walls all alone, no human being beside Grete was ever likely to set foot. (Chapter 2) Gregors serious wound, from which he suffered for over a month—the apple remained imbedded in his flesh as a visible souvenir since no one dared to remove it—seemed to have reminded even his father that Gregor was a member of the family, in spite of his present pathetic and repulsive shape, who could not be treated as an enemy; that on the contrary, it was the commandment of family duty to swallow their disgust and endure him, endure him and nothing more. (Chapter 3) What the world demands of poor people they did to the utmost of their ability; his father brought breakfast for the minor officials at the bank, his mother sacrificed herself to the underwear of strangers, his sister ran back and forth behind the counter at the request of the customers; but for anything more than this they did not have the strength. (Chapter 3) I wont pronounce the name of my brother in front of this monster, and so all I say is: we have to try and get rid of it. Weve done everything humanly possible to take care of it and to put up with it; I dont think anyone can blame us in the least. (Grete, Chapter 3) Growing quieter and communicating almost unconsciously through glances, they thought that it would soon be time, too, to find her a good husband. And it was like a confirmation of their new dreams and good intentions when at the end of the ride their daughter got up first and stretched her young body. (Chapter 3)

Essay about Depression and Anxiety in Persons with...

Depression and Anxiety in Persons with Divorced Parents In the recent years, divorce rates have been continually trending upwards (Reiter, Hjorleifsson, Breidablik, Meland, 2013). It is factual that children who have parents that have divorced typically face more obstacles in numerous aspects of life than children who have married parents. Children that experience divorce have up to a 300% increase in probability to be impacted by issues in mental wellbeing than their peers without an incident of divorce in their parental structure (Shifflett Cummings, 1999). These issues can arise due to the various conflicts that may come into play throughout the divorce process, or even the mere experience of parental divorce for the child. The†¦show more content†¦Whether moderate or severe, divorce serves long-term contributions to depression and anxiety in children regardless of age (Chase-Lansdale, Cherlin, Kiernan, 1995). Mental and Emotional Adjustment in Divorce with Age Numerous factors come into play pertaining to the age of a child that undergoes the experience of parental divorce. As time passes, most research states that both anxiety and depression impact children of divorce rather steadily. However, even after adjusting, these emotional impacts are extremely consistent throughout the progression of life (Stà ¸rksen et al., 2005). Due to the inability to cognitively process and identify reasons that lead to divorce, kids around the pre-kindergarten age range are naà ¯ve to the situation. Around this age, children depend on parental support in daily life to carry out tasks. This alteration of family structure will impact smaller children more than older children, as the older child will have more outlets to channel their mental tension (Reiter et al., 2013). According to data, children may not adjust well emotionally and display bouts of anxiety, which may develop into depression at late r ages (Kline, Johnston, Tschann, 1991; Vousoura, Verdeli, Warner, Wickramaratne, Show MoreRelated Effects Of A Non-Traditional Family On Children Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagesmold each person into who they eventually will become. The family is a guide for the success of a childs future. The stability of family creates a building block for how the child will progress throughout life. When parents divorce, the children are left with no stability causing them to lose basic concepts of childhood that may carry with them throughout life. Children of divorced parents have less success and happiness creating less productive citizens in our nation. Watching parents take a homeRead MoreEffects of a Non-Traditional Family on Children1745 Words   |  7 Pagesmold every person into who they eventually will become. The family is a guide for the success of a childs future. The stability of family creates a building block for how the child will progress throughout life. When parents divorce, the children are left with no stability causing them to lose basic concepts of childhood that may carry with them throughout life. Children of divorced parents have less success and happiness creating less productive citizens in our nation. Watching parents take a homeRead MoreEffects Of Parental Divorce On Adolescents1273 Words   |  6 Pagesaccounted for by parental psychological distress. The key objectives of this study include 1) the school problems associated with parental divorce on adolescents. 2) Symptoms, which will most probably be evident in such cases, which include anxiety and depression. 3) The subjective well/being of adolescents especially in regards to parental divorce 4) the distress occasioned by such occurrences on adolescents. 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The families of patients with PTSD have many obstacles to overcome and divorceRead MoreCauses of Teenage Depression1538 Words   |  7 Pagesbooklet or website or whatever they list depression among the side effects of cancer. But, in fact, depression is not a side effect of cancer. Depression is a side effect of death (â€Å"The Only Thing Worse†).† Occasional bad moods or acting out is to be expected, but depression is something different. Depression can destroy the very essence of a teenager’s personality, causing an overwhelming sense of sadness, despair, or anger (â€Å"A Guide for Parents†). The depression rate in the teen’s generation is risingRead MoreDivorce Is A Poor Attitude Toward Marriage Essay1458 Words   |  6 Pagespartner. Children should not also be reared in a violent relationship because that will inevitably affect their psychological wellbeing and corrupt them as future parents. Divorce s negative effects harm women more than men. Here are few psychological effects that women go through after divorce: guilt feeling, experiencing depression, anxiety etc. these are post-divorce effects that affect women psychologically. According to Cindy Holbrook, â€Å"The psychological effects of divorce on women are far-reachingRead MoreBrittney Pugh. Fowler. English 101. 3 March 2017. Is Marriage1381 Words   |  6 PagesBrittney Pugh Fowler English 101 3 March 2017 Is Marriage Good for Us? Not one person could say that they enjoy being alone 24/7 without having another individual to look to for support. According to Merriam-Webster, marriage is defined as â€Å"the state of being united as spouses in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law.† Marriage, however, is more than just a piece of paper confirming that the â€Å"two have become one.† Marriage consists of trust, honesty, and commitment. Even thoughRead MoreDivorce : A Legal Issue982 Words   |  4 PagesDivorce legalize a state of discord between the couple, it leads to a release of the climate of dispute and creates new domestic structures of coexistence between parents and children. Recovering from a divorce is a separate process, not only for each individual but also for each sex. Women are twice as likely to initiate divorce because they are more likely to recognize problems in the marriage. Most divorcing couples expect to go through a difficult adjustment period immediate ly after the marriage

Healthy Aging Promotion in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Healthy Aging Promotion in Australia. Answer: Introduction: The essay is about the increase in proportion of ageing population in Australia and its influence on nursing practice. The statistics on ageing in Australia demonstrate how and why Australia's population is ageing. The data on the increase in life expectancy among Australian citizens in the past and their comparison with present statistics reveal how life expectancy has increased, and people are living for longer time. It analyzes the factors that have lead to ageing of population in Australia. It reveals that technological advancement in surgery technological interventions, improved housing, better workplace environment and improved sanitation has helped to reduce mortality rate and fertility rate. Besides this migration of baby boomers generation has further increased the expected duration of life of individuals. The number of people above 65 years of age is continuously increasing in Australia. The ultimate impact of this trend will be that demand for health and geriatric service will increase in the future. In the event of this change, it will be vital for nurses to understand the skills required for assessment of older people. Proper holistic care will be possible with effective assessment of older population. This essay further emphasized the role of strength based approach in nursing older adults and how this approach could help in improving health status in individual. According to Australian Government, people above 65 years are considered to be ageing. However, this figure differs for indigenous Australians because of their vulnerability to chronic disease. The ageing trend is seen mostly in the baby boomer generation. Baby boomers were born in 1947, and this group of people will move to the old old' category of elderly population-those aged above 85 years (Buckley et al., 2013). Today's older Australians are living healthier and longer than previous generations. In 1960 the life expectancy at birth was 74 years for girls and 67 for boys, but now girls are expected to live longer till 84 years and men till 80 years ("About ageing in Australia (AIHW)", 2016). In Australians, life expectancy for people above 64 years in 2012 was 84.1 for males and 87.4 for females (CDU Library eGateway Login, 2016). The number and proportion of older population in Australia are growing steadily. It is evident from the fact that about 15% of Australian were above th e age of 65 years in 2014 while in 1964 it was just 8%. The proportion of individuals above 65 years is expected to double in the next thirty years ("About ageing in Australia (AIHW)", 2016). The increase in ageing population has occurred because of changes in population's fertility, mortality and migration. The mortality rate has decreased because of invention of antibiotic, vaccination, improvement in housing. The major death due to childbirth has decreased significantly. The fertility rate has declined over the years leading to fewer birth every year and increase in proportion of aged people. Sanitation, workplace health and safety, and development in pharmacological interventions have helped in reducing death due to chronic disease. Technological advances in surgery, decrease in infection rate and better understanding about progression of illness has helped a lot in improving health status (Mathers et al., 2015). Secondly, stability in mortality rate is another reason for population ageing in Australia. Aged people are now living for a much longer age time compared to those in the past. Earlier 74% people expected to reach the age of 65 years and then this group expec ted to live till 79 years (CDU Library eGateway Login, 2016). The Australian Bureau of Statistics reveals that about 23% people will be above 65 years, and 5% will be above 85 years by 2064 ("About ageing in Australia (AIHW)", 2016). Thirdly ageing population has increased due to the effect of migration. The influx of migratory people who are member of postwar Baby Boom cohort has further added to the ageing population Australia. They will continue to have an impact on the size of the population (Martel et al., 2013). The ultimate consequences of the ageing population will be that it will have an impact on health care services. The reliability of medical service will increase among the older population. The demand for living independently at home and managing things on their own will increase, and increase number of aged care service will be required (Lewin et al., 2014). Therefore the major impact will be on government health and welfare expenditure. They will have to invest more in aged care and disability services to provide residential care from their home or hostels. With the increase in ageing population, the healthcare staff will require holistic skills on assessment of older people. Often they confuse between normal changes associated with ageing and the disease process. Therefore better understanding is needed about the mechanism of ageing and symptoms of chronic diseases among this age group. The leading disease mostly prevalent in older age group is arthritis, dementia, cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory illness, diabetes, osteoporosis and many others. The assessment of older adults includes assessment in different levels of chronic disease care, acute care, and primary care. The major focus should be on person-centered care to understand patients perspective of problem. A health care staff must have the skills to identify patients strength and weakness to provide them appropriate care. They need to have clear ideas about ageing and disease process (Fillenbaum, 2013). For example, the symptoms of dementia and ageing are very similar. Often people ignore the symptoms of dementia as they consider it to be a normal ageing process. The assessment in older adults is complicated. The nurse must adopt holistic approach to care. In normal aging, mental flexibility is lost, and memory changes occur while in dementia, mental decline is severe enough to disrupt daily life activities. It affects the core functions of the brain like memory, language, visuospatial function and ability to focus on any task (Lpez-Otn et al., 2013). Health staff mu st have the skills to differentiate between dementia and normal aging process to plan effective intervention for aged population. They must have the clinical judgment to enable older adults to cope with their problems (Gold, 2012). Stress, loneliness, and negativity also affect older adults a lot. They also have obscure manifestations of disease which is difficult to detect and by the time the actual problem is detected, major complications take place in older people. The knowledge about cognitive assessment in older people is essential for nurses and health care staff. It would help clarify the presence of one or more symptoms of dementia or depression. Firstly close observation of patients is necessary to determine whether symptoms represent dementia, delirium or depression. Often this condition is caused by the effect of taking certain drugs. So medication review will be extremely important part of older people assessment. They complete health checkup should involve monitoring their nutritional status, signs of chronic diseases, vital signs observation, physical and neurological examination (Klepin et al., 2013). Assessment of older people will require physicians and nurses to have broad knowledge about physical, biological, psychosocial, functional and psychological assessment of individuals. The patient's social network, religious and occupational pursuits are also important. The restorative approach should be taken to maximize independence and functional ability of older adults. This can be achieved by the focus on rehabilitation that enhances older people's independence in daily activities. Before dealing with any patients, they must always be aware of their current health status (Zarit Zarit, 2012).The first level of assessment looks at functional activities, and patients care, the second level of assessment monitors patients independence in life activities like self-medications, routine activities, shopping and other. The final level of evaluation will look after advance activities of life such as occupational and recreational activities. The goal should be to maximize life potential, prevent disease symptoms and stress due to it and promote maintenance of health by improving personal hygiene, nutrition, mobility and motivation level in patients (Curtis et al., 2013). Strength-based approach to nursing older adult is a process that values the capacity, skills, knowledge and potential of individual. It encourages practice that focuses on people potential and strength rather than their limitations. In strength-based approaches, older adults strength are used as building blocks to plan major interventions. Secondly, it works to make sure that required assets and resources are available to enhance patient health outcome. It relies more on capacity and intention of older adults to recover. To implement this approach, nurses acknowledge contribution of patients and focuses on personal relationship. It is a method to invite meaningful participation, providing opportunities for skill-building and concentrating on potential of older adults (Moyle et al., 2014). Strength based approach is beneficial in helping older adult do things themselves and improving retention in treatment regimen. It also develops social networks and enhances well being of person. With the increase in older adults populations, self-management of disease will be essential to resolve their problems and deliver long-term therapeutic care. Deployment of personal strengths aids recovery and empower patients self-esteem and motivation in life. It will also minimize the burden of health services as it focuses on prevention of disease and independence (Hirst et al., 2013). As reported above, Australian demographics showed gradual increase in geriatric population in Australia. The consequences are more demand for health care and residential care to treat older population. Disability and mental health disorders will be a major factor influencing aged person quality of life. Different strength based assessment tool useful in nursing older adults are the Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale (BERS) and Care Receiver Efficacy scale (CRES). The BERS scale is used to measure strength of older adults and rate their improvement with time (Wetherell et al., 2013). The CRES tool assesses the self-efficacy in older patients and it is structured to improve their self-efficacy in receiving care. In this case, nurse may monitor their ability to cope with diseases and tries to know their perception of independence (Alves et al., 2016). For example strength based approach can be used to improve cognitive impairment in older adults with dementia. It may involve sessions on interacting with patients and teaching them ways to improve their cognitive skills. Greater ability to cope with illness and managing medications themselves will increase satisfaction level of older people and promote speedy recovery. For persons coping with dementia, nurses can work to teach them new skills and enhance their existing strengths. The programs will include a guided session to educate patient about dementia and aid in recognizing emotions and behaviors (Geldmacher Kerwin, 2013). A solution focused therapy could be done on patients to identify the issues faced by older populations and guide them to manage situation. It starts by asking relevant question like problems that trouble them in life and then tries to identify the patient response to understand their strength and weakness. This therapy helps to separate problems from patients and aids them in following a solution focused pathway on improving health outcome. This approach is used in mental health setting to guide patients to deal with challenges they face due to cognitive and mental disorders. It may help in identifying depressive symptoms in patients and engage them in activities that relax and relieves them from their illness (Gingerich Peterson, 2013). From the essay of ageing in Australia, it can be concluded that appropriate preparedness of health care department is required to tackle and treat older population in the futures. The demographics and statistics on ageing population into Australia bring into focus the alarming rate at which Australia is moving towards an ageing population. The increase in Proportion of an ageing population will mean introducing greater competency and frequency in health care access. Geriatric care would be essential then to tackle health issues of ageing population. The assessments of older people demonstrated what are the skills required by a nurse to undergo complete assessment. It stresses on the need to differentiate between normal ageing process and chronic disease process. Certain symptoms of disease like dementia, delirium and ageing are often confused by nurses. So having accurate competent in assessing all necessary details of patients helps in planning effective intervention plans. Finally, the essay demonstrated how the use of strength-based approach could be beneficial in nursing older adults and increase independence in their life. Reference Alves, S., Teixeira, L., Azevedo, M. J., Duarte, M., Pal, C. (2016). Effectiveness of a psychoeducational programme for informal caregivers of older adults.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences,30(1), 65-73. Buckley, J., Tucker, G., Hugo, G., Wittert, G., Adams, R. J., Wilson, D. H. (2013). The Australian baby boomer populationFactors influencing changes to health-related quality of life over time.Journal of aging and health,25(1), 29-55. Curtis, J. R., Back, A. L., Ford, D. W., Downey, L., Shannon, S. E., Doorenbos, A. Z., ... Arnold, R. W. (2013). Effect of communication skills training for residents and nurse practitioners on quality of communication with patients with serious illness: a randomized trial.Jama,310(21), 2271-2281. Fillenbaum, G. G. (2013).Multidimensional functional assessment of older adults: The Duke older Americans resources and services procedures. Psychology Press. Geldmacher, D. S., Kerwin, D. R. (2013). Practical diagnosis and management of dementia due to Alzheimers disease in the primary care setting: an evidence-based approach.Prim Care Companion CNS Disord,15(4), 1-14. Gingerich, W. J., Peterson, L. T. (2013). Effectiveness of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy A Systematic Qualitative Review of Controlled Outcome Studies.Research on Social Work Practice,23(3), 266-283. Gold, D. A. (2012). An examination of instrumental activities of daily living assessment in older adults and mild cognitive impairment.Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology,34(1), 11-34. Hirst, S. P., Lane, A., Stares, R. (2013). Health promotion with older adults experiencing mental health challenges: A literature review of strength-based approaches.Clinical Gerontologist,36(4), 329-355. Klepin, H. D., Geiger, A. M., Tooze, J. A., Kritchevsky, S. B., Williamson, J. D., Pardee, T. S., ... Powell, B. L. (2013). Geriatric assessment predicts survival for older adults receiving induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia.Blood,121(21), 4287-4294. Lewin, G., Allan, J., Patterson, C., Knuiman, M., Boldy, D., Hendrie, D. (2014). A comparison of the homeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ care and healthcare service use and costs of older Australians randomised to receive a restorative or a conventional homeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ care service.Health social care in the community,22(3), 328-336. Lpez-Otn, C., Blasco, M. A., Partridge, L., Serrano, M., Kroemer, G. (2013). The hallmarks of aging.Cell,153(6), 1194-1217. Martel, C., Carson, D., Taylor, A. (2013). Changing patterns of migration to Australia's Northern Territory: Evidence of new forms of escalator migration to frontier regions?.Migration Letters,10(1), 101. Mathers, C. D., Stevens, G. A., Boerma, T., White, R. A., Tobias, M. I. (2015). Causes of international increases in older age life expectancy.The Lancet,385(9967), 540-548. Moyle, W., Parker, D., Bramble, M. (2014).Care of Older Adults: A Strengths-Based Approach. Cambridge University Press. Wetherell, J. L., Petkus, A. J., White, K. S., Nguyen, H., Kornblith, S., Andreescu, C., ... Lenze, E. J. (2013). Antidepressant medication augmented with cognitive-behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder in older adults.American Journal of Psychiatry,170(7), 782-789. Zarit, S. H., Zarit, J. M. (2012).Mental disorders in older adults: Fundamentals of assessment and treatment. Guilford Press. About ageing in Australia (AIHW). (2016).Aihw.gov.au. Retrieved 18 August 2016, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/ageing/about/ CDU Library eGateway Login. (2016).Search.informit.com.au.ezproxy.cdu.edu.au. Retrieved 18 August 2016, https://search.informit.com.au.ezproxy.cdu.edu.au/fullText;dn=395422637064551;res=IELAPA

Oil and Gas ManagementBusiness Economics

Question: How oil prices affect the AD or AS of an economy? Answer: Introduction: The oil industry had always been a subject of booms and busts but recently it has witnessed a new downturn. There are several companies that had previously earned record profits but they are eventually forced to decommission rigs and sharply decrease their investment in the exploration and production. In this regard, there was a loss of jobs by more than 100,000 of the oil workers and there was a reduction in the manufactures of drilling and production equipment. The international benchmark for the Brent crude was around $55 per barrel and that of the American benchmark is at $49 per barrel. Since 2010, the Brent crude price was as high as $155 per barrel and it remained high till the mid June 2014, thereafter there was a sharp decline in the oil price which was more than half of the previous oil price of about $49 per barrel. The drivers of oil price increase include the oversupply of oil by the US and strong US dollar (BBC News, 2015). There was significant impact by the US negotia tion for the possible nuclear deal with Tehran which would again increase the oil exports by the Iran into the global oil market. This caused oversupply of oil in the market and lowered the oil price. This paper helps to understand the causes and impact of the sharp decline in the global oil price. In this context, the impact of oil price drop on the Chinese economy is also evaluated with the help of the Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply curve (The Economist, 2015). Drivers of sharp decline in Global Oil Price: The reasons for the sharp fall in the oil price are primarily two fold. To understand the economics of the oil market, it is important on to derive the demand and supply and the market structure of the global oil industry. Initially, the global oil market depicted and followed the characteristics of oligopoly but with the increase in the oil producing countries the competition increased and the oil market started depicting the characteristics of the competitive market. Some of the features include that there are many number of buyers and sellers of oil, the sellers of the oil market are price takers, there is complete freedom of entry and exit in and out of the market and the sellers maximizing their profit. The demand and the supply curves of the oil are inelastic in nature (Hartley, 2015). This is because large changes in the price of oil will have little impact on the quantity of oil demanded and quantity of oil supplied. The diagram is attached in appendix 1 (Smith, Round and Per loff, 2014). The two primary reasons behind the oil price fall is the weak demand by the emerging markets like China which lowered the demand for oil and automatically driving the situation to excess supply of oil and this caused the sharp fall in the price of oil. This phenomenon is explained with the help of diagram attached in the appendix 2. The next reason behind the fall in the global oil price is the OPECs refusal to decrease the oil production. OPEC contributes around 60% of the worlds total supply of oil which means that OPEC has substantial power to fluctuate the price of oil by increasing and decreasing the oil supply (Imf.org, 2015). OPEC is the oil cartel consisting of 12 oil producing countries which held a meeting where countries like Venezuela and Iran proposed on lowering the oil production so that the oil price remains stable in the global market but Saudi Arabia which is the second largest oil producer refused to cut down the production so that the price of oil is lowered. This is shown by the diagram which is attached in the appendix 3. The sharp decline in the global oil piece has significant impact on the oil exporters and oil importers which means that there are winners and losers in this circumstance (Liu et al., 2014). The fall in the oil price positively impacted the oil importers as they have to pay less for the same amount of oil purchase and thus, their disposable income has increased. They can now purchase more of other goods and increase their consumption. In this case, India had been implementing disinflationary pressure and derived positive effects from the oil price fall. It is evident from the survey by IMF that if there is 30% fall in the oil price then there is 0.8% hike in the economic growth in these countries (Forbes, 2015). Thus, it can be said that the oil importing countries are winners (Salisu, 2014). In the case of the oil exporting countries, the low oil price implies that there is a reduction in their oil revenue which will pose as a constraint in the economic growth and development of the se countries. For example, Venezuela had to decrease 20% of its government expenditure to combat the budget deficit which can be attributed to the fall in the oil price. Thus, the oil exporting counties are losers in such circumstances. Impact of fall in global oil price on the oil importers: The fall in the global oil price will positively impact the oil importing counties as they can now have to pay less for the same level of purchase of oil. This enables the consumers of the oil importing countries to increase their personal disposable income. This helps the consumers to demand and consume more commodities than before. This will increase the aggregate demand of the importing countries. The second impact that affects the oil importing countries is the decrease in the cost of production of the final goods which will increase the profit and thereby the investment (Silverstein, 2015). The third significant impact is on the inflation rate. The price of oil has the ability to affect the price of other commodities and thus, create a situation of low inflation which lowers the real interest rate. The oil importing countries have the ability to reduce the energy subsidies with the advent of low oil prices. Since the oil importing countries increases the consumption within the e conomy, this will increase the aggregate demand of the countries and shift the curve to the right. This is shown by the diagram attached in the appendix 4. Impact of global oil price on China and the aggregate demand: The dramatic changes in the global oil market had impacted the Chinese Economy substantially. The low oil price has positive impacted the Chinese economy which can be explained by the decrease in the imports of the oil in dollar amounts have increase the current account surpluses. In 2014 China had imported 6.2 million barrels per day whereas in 2015 China imported 6.5 million barrels per day of crude oil (Fang and You, 2014). The next impact is on the economic growth of China. The low oil prices have the potentiality to augment economic growth in the economy by increasing the GDP of the country which is shown by the chart attached in the appendix 5. The oil price decline will support the government of China to reform the tax and fiscal systems of China (Financial Times, 2015). There is also a significant negative impact which is the continued trend of falling price of oil will influence the price of other commodities and can cause deflation whereas there will be significant negative impact on the investment in domestic energy and oil and gas production which will lower the contribution of these sectors to the GDP of the country (Basnet, Vatsa and Sharma, 2014). The concept that the low oil price will increase the real income of the consumers of China is directed towards the aggregate demand. As the real income of the consumers has increased, it implies that the consumers can purchase more of other goods and increase the consumption expenditure of the economy. Since the aggregate demand consists of consumption expenditure which when increased will increase the aggregate demand and shift the curve to the right which will increase the real GDP of the Chinese economy (Wang and Zhang, 2014). This phenomenon is shown by the diagram attached in the appendix 6. Conclusion: The global oil price is always experiencing booms and busts in the past and recently there was a sharp decline in the global oil price which impacted both the oil importers and exporters. There are mainly two reasons behind the fall in oil supply which are the weak demand for oil from the emerging economies like India and China and the next is the refusal of OPEC to reduce the oil production. Both the situation caused an excess supply within the oil market which lowered the oil price to equilibrate the market. In this paper, the focus is on the oil importing countries and the evaluation of the impact of the fall in the global oil price. In this context the third largest importer of Oil which is China is considered (Zhang and Chen, 2014). There was significant positive impact of the fall in the global oil price on Chinese economy like economic growth, inflation rate and the reform in the tax and the fiscal structure but there is also a significant negative impact on the economy throug h the threat of deflation (Zhao et al., 2014). References Basnet, H., Vatsa, P. and Sharma, S. (2014). Common Trends and Common Cycles in Oil Price and Real Exchange Rate.Global Economy Journal, 14(2). BBC News, (2015).Falling oil prices: Who are the winners and losers? - BBC News. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-29643612 [Accessed 24 Jul. 2015]. Fang, C. and You, S. (2014). The impact of oil price shocks on the large emerging countries' stock prices: Evidence from China, India and Russia.International Review of Economics Finance, 29, pp.330-338. Financial Times, (2015).China price controls blunt impact of rising dollar and falling oil - FT.com. 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